What are the techniques for improving pig-feeding methods in rural areas?
How can rural pig-feeding methods be improved?
(Agricultural Wealth Network) How can rural pig-feeding methods be improved?
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Pig farming with fermentation beds
1. It solves the problem of manure disposal and achieves "zero discharge"
? There is no longer any need to sweep and discharge pig manure and urine;
? There is no large amount of sewage from flushing the pens;
? No waste of any kind is discharged from the pig farm, truly achieving the goal of zero discharge in pig farming;
? There will be no odor or flies in the pig house;
? The manure disposal problem that plagued people for a long time has been solved. This not only improves the environment of the pig farm itself, but also benefits the construction of a new countryside.
Comparison of pig house environments
2. It improves the pigs' growing environment
? The fermentation bed, combined with a special pig house, makes the pig house well ventilated, full of sunlight, and suitable in temperature and humidity for the pigs' growth.
? Pigs raised on fermentation beds return to a "native, natural" environment and recover their natural instincts, which meets animal welfare requirements. When they are in a good mood, they naturally eat more and grow better, all with shiny coats and promising growth.
? The pigs can grow and develop healthily, and pig diseases rarely occur.
The Five Freedoms of animal welfare, 5F
? First, provide animals with appropriate clean drinking water and food needed to stay healthy and energetic, so that animals do not suffer from hunger and thirst.
? Second, provide animals with appropriate housing or resting places where they can rest and sleep comfortably, so that animals do not suffer from discomfort.
? Third, carry out disease prevention for animals, prevent disease, and provide timely diagnosis and treatment for sick animals, so that animals do not suffer from pain, injury or illness.
? Fourth, ensure that animals have good conditions and handling (including the slaughter process), so that animals do not suffer from fear or mental distress.
? Fifth, provide animals with enough space, appropriate facilities, and the company of companions of the same species, so that animals can freely express their normal habits
3. It improves the quality of the meat
Antibiotics are rarely used, there are no drug residues, pork quality is improved, meat color is extremely significantly improved, and palatability is noticeably enhanced
4. Labor productivity is greatly improved
? Natural pig farming does not require flushing the pig house with water or removing pig manure every day.
? Pigs have high resistance and rarely get sick.
? The use of automatic feeding, automatic drinking water technology, and many other advantages achieves the goal of saving labor and reducing costs.
? Because cleaning the pig pen is eliminated, this alone can save more than 50% of labor.
? One person can raise 800-1,000 finishing pigs and 100-200 sows
5. It increases the pigs' growth rate
? It overcomes the adverse effects of winter cold on pig farming, increases the feeding and fattening speed in winter, saves energy, and improves benefits.
? The average feeding period can be shortened by 10-15 days, and each pig can save about 50 jin of feed.
? Feed utilization rate is improved, generally by about 10%
6. It improves the economic, social, and ecological benefits of pig farming.
? Even without considering labor savings and the factor of high quality bringing a high price, just the savings in veterinary drugs, water, electricity, and feed can increase the benefit by 50-80 yuan per pig.
? Social stability and harmony.
? It thoroughly solves the problem of ecological environmental pollution caused by the pig farming industry.
7. Turning waste into treasure
? When making organic bedding by fermentation, raw materials such as sawdust, rice husks, peanut shells, and corn stalks are needed. Through microbial fermentation, these ingredients can be turned from waste into treasure.
? It provides a relatively good solution for handling corn stalks and other crops.
? Note: the bedding should be mainly rice husks and sawdust, and other substitutes should not exceed 10%
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With the continuous development of the rural economy, feed sources have become increasingly abundant, and pig farming has gradually developed from the traditional method of "mainly green and coarse feed, with an appropriate mix of concentrate" toward the direction of scientific feeding. Therefore, in feeding techniques, rural pig farming should pay attention to the following issues.
Raw feeding and cooked feeding. Many pig farmers have the habit of feeding cooked feed, believing that pigs fed cooked feed will eat more. In fact, this is a misconception. According to experiments, different types of feed differ in whether raw or cooked feeding is better. For diets of the green and coarse feed type, cooked feeding is better than raw feeding; while in concentrate-type diets, cooked feeding of bean seeds is better than raw feeding. But for most concentrate-type diets, raw feeding is still better than cooked feeding. Generally, cooked concentrate loses 5%-10% of its nutrients. When pigs are fed raw feed, the average daily gain is 10% higher than with cooked feeding, and for each 1 kg of live weight gained, 0.2-0.3 kg of concentrate can be saved. Of course, some toxic or easily contaminated feeds, such as rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, and swill, should still be steamed or boiled before feeding in order to detoxify or disinfect them.
Thick feeding and thin feeding. Thin feeding, because of its high water content, easily leads to reduced secretion of digestive juices, accelerates gastric emptying, shortens the time feed stays in the stomach, and affects nutrient absorption. Thick feeding, especially dry raw feeding and wet raw feeding, can strengthen the pigs' chewing function, promote the secretion of digestive juices, prolong the time feed stays in the stomach, and improve the digestibility of nutrients. Therefore, thick feeding is advocated. The degree of wetness when mixing dry feed with water or dry feed with green feed slurry should be such that it can be squeezed together and then scattered apart.
Fewer meals and more meals. Suckling piglets have a small stomach volume and weak digestive power. Starting from 7 days of age, the main focus is creep feeding, and the number of meals need not be limited, allowing them to eat freely; from 20 days of age until weaning, feed less but more often, with 6-8 meals per day; newly weaned piglets are at a stage when their digestive function for feed is gradually strengthening, and they can be fed 4-6 meals per day; lactating sows and sows in late gestation need more nutrients and can be fed 4 meals per day; growing pigs, heavy meat pigs, open sows, and boars need only 3 meals per day. In summer, when the weather is hot and the days are long and nights are short, pigs are active for longer, so 1-2 additional meals of green feed may be fed as appropriate. In winter, when it is cold and the days are short and nights are long, feed earlier in the morning and later in the evening, appropriately extending the interval between meals. Also, the evening meal should be fed thicker and in a larger amount.
Fixed times and fixed amounts. Pig feeding must develop good feeding habits, and there must be fixed times. Generally, 6 o'clock in the morning, 12 noon, and 6 in the evening are suitable, and adjustments can be made appropriately in different seasons.
While doing a good job of feeding pigs at fixed times, feed amounts must also be fixed. After finding out the pigs' approximate feed intake, a general feeding amount should be determined. Generally, the best standard is that 1 hour after feeding well, the pigs do not lick the trough and no feed remains in the trough.
--------------------------------------
Pig farming with fermentation beds
1. It solves the problem of manure disposal and achieves "zero discharge"
? There is no longer any need to sweep and discharge pig manure and urine;
? There is no large amount of sewage from flushing the pens;
? No waste of any kind is discharged from the pig farm, truly achieving the goal of zero discharge in pig farming;
? There will be no odor or flies in the pig house;
? The manure disposal problem that plagued people for a long time has been solved. This not only improves the environment of the pig farm itself, but also benefits the construction of a new countryside.
Comparison of pig house environments
2. It improves the pigs' growing environment
? The fermentation bed, combined with a special pig house, makes the pig house well ventilated, full of sunlight, and suitable in temperature and humidity for the pigs' growth.
? Pigs raised on fermentation beds return to a "native, natural" environment and recover their natural instincts, which meets animal welfare requirements. When they are in a good mood, they naturally eat more and grow better, all with shiny coats and promising growth.
? The pigs can grow and develop healthily, and pig diseases rarely occur.
The Five Freedoms of animal welfare, 5F
? First, provide animals with appropriate clean drinking water and food needed to stay healthy and energetic, so that animals do not suffer from hunger and thirst.
? Second, provide animals with appropriate housing or resting places where they can rest and sleep comfortably, so that animals do not suffer from discomfort.
? Third, carry out disease prevention for animals, prevent disease, and provide timely diagnosis and treatment for sick animals, so that animals do not suffer from pain, injury or illness.
? Fourth, ensure that animals have good conditions and handling (including the slaughter process), so that animals do not suffer from fear or mental distress.
? Fifth, provide animals with enough space, appropriate facilities, and the company of companions of the same species, so that animals can freely express their normal habits
3. It improves the quality of the meat
Antibiotics are rarely used, there are no drug residues, pork quality is improved, meat color is extremely significantly improved, and palatability is noticeably enhanced
4. Labor productivity is greatly improved
? Natural pig farming does not require flushing the pig house with water or removing pig manure every day.
? Pigs have high resistance and rarely get sick.
? The use of automatic feeding, automatic drinking water technology, and many other advantages achieves the goal of saving labor and reducing costs.
? Because cleaning the pig pen is eliminated, this alone can save more than 50% of labor.
? One person can raise 800-1,000 finishing pigs and 100-200 sows
5. It increases the pigs' growth rate
? It overcomes the adverse effects of winter cold on pig farming, increases the feeding and fattening speed in winter, saves energy, and improves benefits.
? The average feeding period can be shortened by 10-15 days, and each pig can save about 50 jin of feed.
? Feed utilization rate is improved, generally by about 10%
6. It improves the economic, social, and ecological benefits of pig farming.
? Even without considering labor savings and the factor of high quality bringing a high price, just the savings in veterinary drugs, water, electricity, and feed can increase the benefit by 50-80 yuan per pig.
? Social stability and harmony.
? It thoroughly solves the problem of ecological environmental pollution caused by the pig farming industry.
7. Turning waste into treasure
? When making organic bedding by fermentation, raw materials such as sawdust, rice husks, peanut shells, and corn stalks are needed. Through microbial fermentation, these ingredients can be turned from waste into treasure.
? It provides a relatively good solution for handling corn stalks and other crops.
? Note: the bedding should be mainly rice husks and sawdust, and other substitutes should not exceed 10%
--------------------------------------
With the continuous development of the rural economy, feed sources have become increasingly abundant, and pig farming has gradually developed from the traditional method of "mainly green and coarse feed, with an appropriate mix of concentrate" toward the direction of scientific feeding. Therefore, in feeding techniques, rural pig farming should pay attention to the following issues.
Raw feeding and cooked feeding. Many pig farmers have the habit of feeding cooked feed, believing that pigs fed cooked feed will eat more. In fact, this is a misconception. According to experiments, different types of feed differ in whether raw or cooked feeding is better. For diets of the green and coarse feed type, cooked feeding is better than raw feeding; while in concentrate-type diets, cooked feeding of bean seeds is better than raw feeding. But for most concentrate-type diets, raw feeding is still better than cooked feeding. Generally, cooked concentrate loses 5%-10% of its nutrients. When pigs are fed raw feed, the average daily gain is 10% higher than with cooked feeding, and for each 1 kg of live weight gained, 0.2-0.3 kg of concentrate can be saved. Of course, some toxic or easily contaminated feeds, such as rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, and swill, should still be steamed or boiled before feeding in order to detoxify or disinfect them.
Thick feeding and thin feeding. Thin feeding, because of its high water content, easily leads to reduced secretion of digestive juices, accelerates gastric emptying, shortens the time feed stays in the stomach, and affects nutrient absorption. Thick feeding, especially dry raw feeding and wet raw feeding, can strengthen the pigs' chewing function, promote the secretion of digestive juices, prolong the time feed stays in the stomach, and improve the digestibility of nutrients. Therefore, thick feeding is advocated. The degree of wetness when mixing dry feed with water or dry feed with green feed slurry should be such that it can be squeezed together and then scattered apart.
Fewer meals and more meals. Suckling piglets have a small stomach volume and weak digestive power. Starting from 7 days of age, the main focus is creep feeding, and the number of meals need not be limited, allowing them to eat freely; from 20 days of age until weaning, feed less but more often, with 6-8 meals per day; newly weaned piglets are at a stage when their digestive function for feed is gradually strengthening, and they can be fed 4-6 meals per day; lactating sows and sows in late gestation need more nutrients and can be fed 4 meals per day; growing pigs, heavy meat pigs, open sows, and boars need only 3 meals per day. In summer, when the weather is hot and the days are long and nights are short, pigs are active for longer, so 1-2 additional meals of green feed may be fed as appropriate. In winter, when it is cold and the days are short and nights are long, feed earlier in the morning and later in the evening, appropriately extending the interval between meals. Also, the evening meal should be fed thicker and in a larger amount.
Fixed times and fixed amounts. Pig feeding must develop good feeding habits, and there must be fixed times. Generally, 6 o'clock in the morning, 12 noon, and 6 in the evening are suitable, and adjustments can be made appropriately in different seasons.
While doing a good job of feeding pigs at fixed times, feed amounts must also be fixed. After finding out the pigs' approximate feed intake, a general feeding amount should be determined. Generally, the best standard is that 1 hour after feeding well, the pigs do not lick the trough and no feed remains in the trough.