Correct methods for using fattening feed additives for beef cattle
How are fattening feed additives for beef cattle applied?
(Agricultural Wealth Network) How are fattening feed additives for beef cattle applied?
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When fattening feed additives are used during the fattening period of beef cattle, they can enhance the cattle body's anabolic (synthetic) metabolism
effects, causing more of the nitrogen source materials in the feed to be converted into cattle body protein, and more carbohydrates to be converted into
fat; or altering the concentration ratio of different hormones in the cattle body, coordinating the functions of the endocrine system to increase the secretion
of hormones within the body that are beneficial to cattle growth; or controlling the metabolic rate of the cattle body to reduce the cattle's activity level,
thereby lowering the cattle's maintenance requirements, so that more nutrients, especially energy materials, accumulate in the body
... and ultimately accelerating weight gain of beef cattle during the fattening period. Many research and production practices at home and abroad have proven that the use of fattening
additives can increase daily weight gain by 10%-20% and improve feed conversion efficiency by 8%-20%, thereby
shortening the fattening period of beef cattle and achieving higher economic benefits. Commonly used fattening feed additives for beef cattle include:
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1. Sodium bicarbonate. The acidic environment of the cattle rumen has an important effect on microbial activity, especially when the
feed type is changed (such as when changing from roughage to high-concentrate fattening in the late fattening stage), which can cause the rumen PH value
to drop significantly, affecting the activity of microorganisms in the rumen and thereby affecting feed conversion. In beef cattle feed,
after adding 0.7% sodium bicarbonate, the rumen PH value can be maintained within the range of 6.2-6.8, which meets the needs of rumen micro-
bial proliferation, giving the rumen optimal digestive function, increasing feed intake by 9%, and increasing daily weight gain
by more than 10%. Sodium bicarbonate 66.7 grams and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 33.3 grams form a buffering agent; in the first fattening stage the addition
amount accounts for 1% of the cattle's daily diet dry matter, and in the second stage 0.8% is added; daily weight gain can be increased by 15.4%, concentrate consumption reduced
by 13.08%, and the incidence of digestive system diseases is greatly reduced.
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2. Monensin, also called rumensin. It is almost not absorbed in the cattle digestive tract, therefore, generally there is no problem of
residue in tissues and transfer to edible livestock products. When applying
monensin in high-concentrate fattening of feeder cattle, it can increase propionic acid production, reduce the degradation of feed protein in the rumen, and increase the total amount of
rumen-bypass protein, increase net energy and nitrogen utilization, and make the intestinal wall thinner, which is beneficial to the permeation and absorption of nutrients
; the total number of ciliates and bacteria in the rumen increases by 1-2 times, and it also stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete
hormones that promote growth and development, thereby increasing the rate of weight gain. Each cattle is fed 5.3-360 mg per day mixed into concentrate,
or the concentrate mixed with monensin is mixed with roughage and fed; generally weight gain can be increased by 15%-20%.
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3. Rare earth. It is the general term for 17 elements including lanthanide series elements and yttrium and scandium. When adding rare
earth at 1 000ppm to the diet of fattening cattle, according to measurements, daily weight gain can be increased by 26.63%, feed-to-meat ratio reduced by 21.30%, and feed conversion
efficiency increased by 23.39%.
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4. Sodium bromide. After 0.5 grams is dissolved in water and mixed with concentrate to feed, it can limit cattle activity, reduce energy consumption,
and increase nutrient deposition in the body. Daily weight gain can be increased by 16.4%-17.7%, and carcass weight and meat weight respectively
can be increased by 8.6% and 10.5%.
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5. Probiotics. They are microbial agents that can replace or balance the role of one or more bacterial systems in the gastrointestinal microecosystem,
such as lactobacillus agents, bifidobacterium agents, bacillus subtilis agents, etc., which can stimulate the proliferation of their own bacterial
species and inhibit the growth of other bacterial systems; produce enzymes, synthesize B vitamins, improve body immune function,
promote appetite, reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases, and have a fattening effect. The addition amount is generally [missing percentage] of the cattle diet
0.02%～0.2%。
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6. Non-protein nitrogen. The most commonly and widely used is urea. Cattle are ruminants, and microorganisms in the rumen
can use urea nitrogen to synthesize bacterial protein (true protein), which is then utilized by the cattle in the intestinal tract. Modern cattle raising has already widely
applied non-protein nitrogen such as urea to replace part of the protein in cattle feed, improve the digestibility of crude fiber in low-protein feed,
and increase nitrogen retention and weight gain. The nutritional value of each 1 kilogram of urea is equivalent to the protein nutritional value of 5 kilograms of
soybean cake or 7 kilograms of linseed cake. Current urea feeding methods include: mixing 20-30 grams of urea per hundred
kilograms of body weight into concentrate or mixing urea-containing concentrate with roughage; or directly
dissolving urea in water and then mixing or spraying it onto green hay for feeding; or mixing urea, corn and molasses into a liquid
feed for feeding; or adding urea to make silage for feeding. The addition amount is generally 0.2%-0.5% of the wet weight of the stored material; some
have proposed that 3.4-4 kilograms of urea and 1.5-2 kilograms of ammonium sulfate be separately prepared into aqueous solutions, mixed into 1 ton of silage
material for ensiling, which not only adds sulfur element but also reduces the urea amount, lowers costs, and gives better feeding results.
When beef cattle are fed non-protein nitrogen, weight gain can be increased by 10%-20%.
--------------------------------------
When fattening feed additives are used during the fattening period of beef cattle, they can enhance the cattle body's anabolic (synthetic) metabolism
effects, causing more of the nitrogen source materials in the feed to be converted into cattle body protein, and more carbohydrates to be converted into
fat; or altering the concentration ratio of different hormones in the cattle body, coordinating the functions of the endocrine system to increase the secretion
of hormones within the body that are beneficial to cattle growth; or controlling the metabolic rate of the cattle body to reduce the cattle's activity level,
thereby lowering the cattle's maintenance requirements, so that more nutrients, especially energy materials, accumulate in the body
... and ultimately accelerating weight gain of beef cattle during the fattening period. Many research and production practices at home and abroad have proven that the use of fattening
additives can increase daily weight gain by 10%-20% and improve feed conversion efficiency by 8%-20%, thereby
shortening the fattening period of beef cattle and achieving higher economic benefits. Commonly used fattening feed additives for beef cattle include:
--------------------------------------
1. Sodium bicarbonate. The acidic environment of the cattle rumen has an important effect on microbial activity, especially when the
feed type is changed (such as when changing from roughage to high-concentrate fattening in the late fattening stage), which can cause the rumen PH value
to drop significantly, affecting the activity of microorganisms in the rumen and thereby affecting feed conversion. In beef cattle feed,
after adding 0.7% sodium bicarbonate, the rumen PH value can be maintained within the range of 6.2-6.8, which meets the needs of rumen micro-
bial proliferation, giving the rumen optimal digestive function, increasing feed intake by 9%, and increasing daily weight gain
by more than 10%. Sodium bicarbonate 66.7 grams and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 33.3 grams form a buffering agent; in the first fattening stage the addition
amount accounts for 1% of the cattle's daily diet dry matter, and in the second stage 0.8% is added; daily weight gain can be increased by 15.4%, concentrate consumption reduced
by 13.08%, and the incidence of digestive system diseases is greatly reduced.
--------------------------------------
2. Monensin, also called rumensin. It is almost not absorbed in the cattle digestive tract, therefore, generally there is no problem of
residue in tissues and transfer to edible livestock products. When applying
monensin in high-concentrate fattening of feeder cattle, it can increase propionic acid production, reduce the degradation of feed protein in the rumen, and increase the total amount of
rumen-bypass protein, increase net energy and nitrogen utilization, and make the intestinal wall thinner, which is beneficial to the permeation and absorption of nutrients
; the total number of ciliates and bacteria in the rumen increases by 1-2 times, and it also stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete
hormones that promote growth and development, thereby increasing the rate of weight gain. Each cattle is fed 5.3-360 mg per day mixed into concentrate,
or the concentrate mixed with monensin is mixed with roughage and fed; generally weight gain can be increased by 15%-20%.
--------------------------------------
3. Rare earth. It is the general term for 17 elements including lanthanide series elements and yttrium and scandium. When adding rare
earth at 1 000ppm to the diet of fattening cattle, according to measurements, daily weight gain can be increased by 26.63%, feed-to-meat ratio reduced by 21.30%, and feed conversion
efficiency increased by 23.39%.
--------------------------------------
4. Sodium bromide. After 0.5 grams is dissolved in water and mixed with concentrate to feed, it can limit cattle activity, reduce energy consumption,
and increase nutrient deposition in the body. Daily weight gain can be increased by 16.4%-17.7%, and carcass weight and meat weight respectively
can be increased by 8.6% and 10.5%.
--------------------------------------
5. Probiotics. They are microbial agents that can replace or balance the role of one or more bacterial systems in the gastrointestinal microecosystem,
such as lactobacillus agents, bifidobacterium agents, bacillus subtilis agents, etc., which can stimulate the proliferation of their own bacterial
species and inhibit the growth of other bacterial systems; produce enzymes, synthesize B vitamins, improve body immune function,
promote appetite, reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases, and have a fattening effect. The addition amount is generally [missing percentage] of the cattle diet
0.02%～0.2%。
--------------------------------------
6. Non-protein nitrogen. The most commonly and widely used is urea. Cattle are ruminants, and microorganisms in the rumen
can use urea nitrogen to synthesize bacterial protein (true protein), which is then utilized by the cattle in the intestinal tract. Modern cattle raising has already widely
applied non-protein nitrogen such as urea to replace part of the protein in cattle feed, improve the digestibility of crude fiber in low-protein feed,
and increase nitrogen retention and weight gain. The nutritional value of each 1 kilogram of urea is equivalent to the protein nutritional value of 5 kilograms of
soybean cake or 7 kilograms of linseed cake. Current urea feeding methods include: mixing 20-30 grams of urea per hundred
kilograms of body weight into concentrate or mixing urea-containing concentrate with roughage; or directly
dissolving urea in water and then mixing or spraying it onto green hay for feeding; or mixing urea, corn and molasses into a liquid
feed for feeding; or adding urea to make silage for feeding. The addition amount is generally 0.2%-0.5% of the wet weight of the stored material; some
have proposed that 3.4-4 kilograms of urea and 1.5-2 kilograms of ammonium sulfate be separately prepared into aqueous solutions, mixed into 1 ton of silage
material for ensiling, which not only adds sulfur element but also reduces the urea amount, lowers costs, and gives better feeding results.
When beef cattle are fed non-protein nitrogen, weight gain can be increased by 10%-20%.