What artificial breeding techniques are there for toads?
Seeking artificial breeding techniques for toads?
(Agricultural Wealth Network) Seeking artificial breeding techniques for toads?
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1. Uses of toads
The toad, commonly known as the warty toad, belongs to the class Amphibia, family Bufonidae. It is a poikilothermic animal distributed throughout China. The toad has two major medicinal raw material parts, one is toad venom, the other is toad skin, both of which are extremely precious traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Toad venom is the white liquid secreted by the glands behind the toad's ears; toad skin is the keratinous epidermis of the toad. The former can be scraped from the toad's body using hard objects such as tweezers, while the latter can be obtained from the toad's natural shedding of its skin.
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2. Living habits. The living habits of toads mainly have "seven major" characteristics: First, huddling behavior; in early spring and late autumn they "huddle" in water to play; in summer they "disperse" to seek food, and can be found both in water and on land; from early winter they begin long-term "huddling" hibernation until early spring. Second, they fear light, prefer darkness, and like moisture; third, during the day they hide and rest under soil, bricks and stones, and in grass; fourth, they are frequently active at night, using a tongue as long as their body to rapidly roll up and eat insects as food; fifth, they most like to hibernate in mud at the bottom of water and are never afraid of lack of oxygen; sixth, they have strong vitality, are not afraid of being pressed or dropped, have strong stress resistance, and are not prone to illness; seventh, they are most afraid of attacks by snakes. Therefore, as long as their habits are understood, artificial breeding can easily succeed.
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3. Feeding management
(1) Site construction
Build the site where there is an abundant water source, and build a surrounding wall; a wall height of 0.8 m is sufficient, with the wall foundation extending 0.4 m into the ground. The inner side of the wall should preferably be smooth, and the corners of the wall should be made round to prevent toads from digging holes or climbing out to escape.
(2) Pond construction
There should be at least three ponds in the site, with the total pond area accounting for about 30% of the entire site area, divided into a spawning pond, a hatching pond, and a rearing pond. The water depth of the spawning pond and hatching pond should be no less than 30-40 cm, and that of the rearing pond no less than 50 cm. Leave 70% of the area for building dry ponds, planting grass and trees, or building caves with bricks and stones for the toads' activities and resting.
(3) Reproduction
Toads are oviparous animals. Each spring, when the water temperature is around 10 degrees, adult toads are allowed to pair and mate in the spawning pond to lay eggs; place 6 adult toads per square meter, and each female toad can lay 3000-8000 eggs. To improve the fertilization rate, a female-to-male ratio of 3:1 is appropriate. At a water temperature of 10-24 degrees, small tadpoles can naturally hatch after 3-6 days. After the female toad lays eggs, promptly scoop the eggs into the hatching pond for natural hatching, so as to prevent the spawning toads from stirring up the eggs and causing them to sink to the bottom. The miscellaneous fish in the spawning pond and hatching pond should be removed in advance to prevent them from eating the eggs and tadpoles.
(4) Feed
The main feed of tadpoles is plankton in the water. After about 2 months in the water, tadpoles gradually metamorphose into young toads, moving from water to land to live, mainly eating ants, locusts, mole crickets, mosquitoes, earthworms and other insects. In late autumn they move into the water to hibernate. After hibernation ends the following spring, their food intake increases, and they can eat beetles, moths, and so on. In the 3rd year they grow into adult toads, and their body weight can reach more than 75 grams. Therefore, when artificially raising toads, lights can be set up over the ponds and on land to attract insects, and feed problems can also be solved through multiple approaches such as raising earthworms, yellow mealworms, maggots, and composting to breed insects.
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4. Techniques for collecting venom and gathering skin
Venom can be collected once every 21-30 days. Hold the toad with the left hand, use the right hand to hold tweezers and firmly clamp the glands behind the ears, and squeeze out the paste-like toad venom. When squeezing the venom, the movements should be quick, with appropriate force. After venom collection, the toad should be placed in a place without standing water and kept for several days to avoid death. Filter the collected toad venom through an 80-mesh net to remove impurities, knead it by hand into round cakes with a diameter of 5 cm and a thickness of half a cm, and after drying in the sun they can be sold.
During the growing season, a toad can naturally shed its skin more than 10 times per year. When collecting toad skin, the toad can be placed in a bucket or vat; shedding mostly occurs in the latter half of the night. Toads have the habit of eating their skin while shedding it, so one must wait and keep watch. The shed toad skin should be spread out on glass in time to dry in the sun for medicinal use.
There is a certain conflict between collecting toad venom and gathering toad skin. It is best for the same toad to be used to produce only one product, and the two cannot be done at the same time. This is because after venom collection, the external surface of the toad's body is easily damaged, and if the skin is then shed, only broken skin can be shed, which has relatively low value. If venom is collected after gathering the skin, the yield of toad venom will be affected.
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1. Uses of toads
The toad, commonly known as the warty toad, belongs to the class Amphibia, family Bufonidae. It is a poikilothermic animal distributed throughout China. The toad has two major medicinal raw material parts, one is toad venom, the other is toad skin, both of which are extremely precious traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Toad venom is the white liquid secreted by the glands behind the toad's ears; toad skin is the keratinous epidermis of the toad. The former can be scraped from the toad's body using hard objects such as tweezers, while the latter can be obtained from the toad's natural shedding of its skin.
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2. Living habits. The living habits of toads mainly have "seven major" characteristics: First, huddling behavior; in early spring and late autumn they "huddle" in water to play; in summer they "disperse" to seek food, and can be found both in water and on land; from early winter they begin long-term "huddling" hibernation until early spring. Second, they fear light, prefer darkness, and like moisture; third, during the day they hide and rest under soil, bricks and stones, and in grass; fourth, they are frequently active at night, using a tongue as long as their body to rapidly roll up and eat insects as food; fifth, they most like to hibernate in mud at the bottom of water and are never afraid of lack of oxygen; sixth, they have strong vitality, are not afraid of being pressed or dropped, have strong stress resistance, and are not prone to illness; seventh, they are most afraid of attacks by snakes. Therefore, as long as their habits are understood, artificial breeding can easily succeed.
--------------------------------------
3. Feeding management
(1) Site construction
Build the site where there is an abundant water source, and build a surrounding wall; a wall height of 0.8 m is sufficient, with the wall foundation extending 0.4 m into the ground. The inner side of the wall should preferably be smooth, and the corners of the wall should be made round to prevent toads from digging holes or climbing out to escape.
(2) Pond construction
There should be at least three ponds in the site, with the total pond area accounting for about 30% of the entire site area, divided into a spawning pond, a hatching pond, and a rearing pond. The water depth of the spawning pond and hatching pond should be no less than 30-40 cm, and that of the rearing pond no less than 50 cm. Leave 70% of the area for building dry ponds, planting grass and trees, or building caves with bricks and stones for the toads' activities and resting.
(3) Reproduction
Toads are oviparous animals. Each spring, when the water temperature is around 10 degrees, adult toads are allowed to pair and mate in the spawning pond to lay eggs; place 6 adult toads per square meter, and each female toad can lay 3000-8000 eggs. To improve the fertilization rate, a female-to-male ratio of 3:1 is appropriate. At a water temperature of 10-24 degrees, small tadpoles can naturally hatch after 3-6 days. After the female toad lays eggs, promptly scoop the eggs into the hatching pond for natural hatching, so as to prevent the spawning toads from stirring up the eggs and causing them to sink to the bottom. The miscellaneous fish in the spawning pond and hatching pond should be removed in advance to prevent them from eating the eggs and tadpoles.
(4) Feed
The main feed of tadpoles is plankton in the water. After about 2 months in the water, tadpoles gradually metamorphose into young toads, moving from water to land to live, mainly eating ants, locusts, mole crickets, mosquitoes, earthworms and other insects. In late autumn they move into the water to hibernate. After hibernation ends the following spring, their food intake increases, and they can eat beetles, moths, and so on. In the 3rd year they grow into adult toads, and their body weight can reach more than 75 grams. Therefore, when artificially raising toads, lights can be set up over the ponds and on land to attract insects, and feed problems can also be solved through multiple approaches such as raising earthworms, yellow mealworms, maggots, and composting to breed insects.
--------------------------------------
4. Techniques for collecting venom and gathering skin
Venom can be collected once every 21-30 days. Hold the toad with the left hand, use the right hand to hold tweezers and firmly clamp the glands behind the ears, and squeeze out the paste-like toad venom. When squeezing the venom, the movements should be quick, with appropriate force. After venom collection, the toad should be placed in a place without standing water and kept for several days to avoid death. Filter the collected toad venom through an 80-mesh net to remove impurities, knead it by hand into round cakes with a diameter of 5 cm and a thickness of half a cm, and after drying in the sun they can be sold.
During the growing season, a toad can naturally shed its skin more than 10 times per year. When collecting toad skin, the toad can be placed in a bucket or vat; shedding mostly occurs in the latter half of the night. Toads have the habit of eating their skin while shedding it, so one must wait and keep watch. The shed toad skin should be spread out on glass in time to dry in the sun for medicinal use.
There is a certain conflict between collecting toad venom and gathering toad skin. It is best for the same toad to be used to produce only one product, and the two cannot be done at the same time. This is because after venom collection, the external surface of the toad's body is easily damaged, and if the skin is then shed, only broken skin can be shed, which has relatively low value. If venom is collected after gathering the skin, the yield of toad venom will be affected.
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