How to use biopesticides? A correct understanding is key
It is essential to correctly understand biopesticides
(Agricultural Wealth Network) With the progress of modern bioengineering technology and the improvement of the level of commercial production of biological products, biopesticides have in recent years been more and more widely applied in agricultural production, and have achieved fairly good results. However, many farmers have a vague understanding of biopesticides.
Some believe that after applying biopesticides, chemical pesticides can be dispensed with, or that the era of chemical pesticides is coming to an end, setting biopesticides in opposition to chemical pesticides; some believe that food produced without applying biopesticides cannot be called pollution-free food, one-sidedly emphasizing the role of biopesticides; some believe that biopesticides are good, but they act slowly and their visible effect is poor, leaving farmers eager to control pests and diseases with the impression that they are ineffective; some farmers mix the highly efficient biological preparation Bt with fungicides or acidic compound liquids, causing the control effect to be lost. All of these hinder the healthy and orderly promotion and application of biopesticides. Therefore, one should have a comprehensive understanding of biopesticides and master the techniques for their correct use.
First, one must recognize the advanced nature of biopesticides. Biopesticides cover many things, including microbial pesticides, biochemical pesticides, genetically modified biopesticides, natural-enemy biopesticides and plant-source pesticides. Applying biopesticides can, first, kill many kinds of pests and diseases; second, produce pollution-free green food; third, reduce environmental pollution and ensure the safety of people and livestock; fourth, protect natural enemies; and fifth, make it less likely for pests and diseases to develop pesticide resistance. But biopesticides are only one component of pesticides, and at present they cannot yet replace chemical pesticides.
Second, one must understand the mechanism of action of biopesticides. Biopesticides have a gradual process of harming pests and diseases. For example, highly efficient Bt first paralyzes the pest's nerves, then destroys its internal organs and kills it, which takes 1~3 days. Another example is insect viruses: the nucleic acid of the virus particle enters the pest's body, absorbs nutrients from the pest's body, and causes the cellular tissue to disintegrate and die, which takes 3~5 days. Although the visible effect of biopesticides is slower than that of chemical pesticides, after application the harmful function of the pests and diseases has already been inhibited, or exists in name only. Therefore, they must be applied rationally according to these pesticide characteristics.
Third, one must apply biopesticides correctly. First, strictly follow the pest and disease occurrence forecasts of the local plant protection department and apply biopesticides several days in advance; second, strictly apply the pesticide according to the dosage, and do not arbitrarily increase or decrease the application concentration; third, in order to improve the control effect and safety performance, they may be mixed with some low-toxicity chemical pesticides, so as to minimize the public harm of highly toxic pesticides. However, highly efficient Bt must not be mixed with fungicides or acidic compound liquids, nor applied in mulberry fields; fourth, biopesticides must not be exposed to the sun or allowed to become damp; fifth, choose to apply the pesticide on a sunny afternoon or on a cloudy day, and if it rains after application, it must be re-sprayed once.
Some believe that after applying biopesticides, chemical pesticides can be dispensed with, or that the era of chemical pesticides is coming to an end, setting biopesticides in opposition to chemical pesticides; some believe that food produced without applying biopesticides cannot be called pollution-free food, one-sidedly emphasizing the role of biopesticides; some believe that biopesticides are good, but they act slowly and their visible effect is poor, leaving farmers eager to control pests and diseases with the impression that they are ineffective; some farmers mix the highly efficient biological preparation Bt with fungicides or acidic compound liquids, causing the control effect to be lost. All of these hinder the healthy and orderly promotion and application of biopesticides. Therefore, one should have a comprehensive understanding of biopesticides and master the techniques for their correct use.
First, one must recognize the advanced nature of biopesticides. Biopesticides cover many things, including microbial pesticides, biochemical pesticides, genetically modified biopesticides, natural-enemy biopesticides and plant-source pesticides. Applying biopesticides can, first, kill many kinds of pests and diseases; second, produce pollution-free green food; third, reduce environmental pollution and ensure the safety of people and livestock; fourth, protect natural enemies; and fifth, make it less likely for pests and diseases to develop pesticide resistance. But biopesticides are only one component of pesticides, and at present they cannot yet replace chemical pesticides.
Second, one must understand the mechanism of action of biopesticides. Biopesticides have a gradual process of harming pests and diseases. For example, highly efficient Bt first paralyzes the pest's nerves, then destroys its internal organs and kills it, which takes 1~3 days. Another example is insect viruses: the nucleic acid of the virus particle enters the pest's body, absorbs nutrients from the pest's body, and causes the cellular tissue to disintegrate and die, which takes 3~5 days. Although the visible effect of biopesticides is slower than that of chemical pesticides, after application the harmful function of the pests and diseases has already been inhibited, or exists in name only. Therefore, they must be applied rationally according to these pesticide characteristics.
Third, one must apply biopesticides correctly. First, strictly follow the pest and disease occurrence forecasts of the local plant protection department and apply biopesticides several days in advance; second, strictly apply the pesticide according to the dosage, and do not arbitrarily increase or decrease the application concentration; third, in order to improve the control effect and safety performance, they may be mixed with some low-toxicity chemical pesticides, so as to minimize the public harm of highly toxic pesticides. However, highly efficient Bt must not be mixed with fungicides or acidic compound liquids, nor applied in mulberry fields; fourth, biopesticides must not be exposed to the sun or allowed to become damp; fifth, choose to apply the pesticide on a sunny afternoon or on a cloudy day, and if it rains after application, it must be re-sprayed once.