Methods for Pest and Disease Control in Greenhouse Eggplant and Key Technical Points
Pest and Disease Control in Greenhouse Eggplant
(Agricultural Wealth Network) Fruit rot In the early fruit-setting stage or early disease stage, use agricultural streptomycin sulfate at 4000 times dilution, or 77% Kocide at 500 times dilution, or 50% copper fatty acid amide at 500 times dilution, focusing on spraying the fruit and drenching the soil around the roots for protection; spray once every 10 days depending on disease severity.
Brown spot Mainly affects stems, leaves and fruits. Both seedling and mature stages can be affected. Control methods include proper seed disinfection, crop rotation and selecting disease-resistant varieties; long eggplant is more resistant than round eggplant. In addition, apply chemicals at the right time. Use 75% chlorothalonil at 600 times dilution, 64% Fenaminosulf at 500 times dilution, or 40% Zhongshuangtong at 600-700 times dilution, spraying once every 7-9 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays, or use Dacotech M-45 once every 7-14 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays.
Verticillium wilt Control methods include seed disinfection, crop rotation, removing and replacing infected stubble, pulling out diseased plants and chemical control. Use 50% DT fungicide at 500 times dilution, 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or 70% Dexon at 500 times dilution as a root drench, 0.5 L per plant.
Sclerotinia rot Use 50% Sumilex wettable powder at 1500-2000 times dilution, 50% iprodione wettable powder at 1000 times dilution, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 1000-1500 times dilution, or dimethachlon wettable powder at 1000-1500 times dilution, alternating sprays for 3-4 consecutive applications. In winter, use 10% Sumilex smoke agent or 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250 g per mu for fumigation, or use Fenghu'an at 400-500 times dilution for 3-4 consecutive sprays.
Damping-off Mainly occurs at the seedling stage. Pay attention to seedbed disinfection and select disease-resistant varieties. For seedling-stage infection, use 58% Ridomil-MZ wettable powder at 500 times dilution, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution, or 64% Fenaminosulf wettable powder at 500 times dilution, spraying once every 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays; 60% Shuangyike at 800-1000 times dilution, once every 5-7 days for 4-6 consecutive sprays.
Viral disease Strengthen early control of aphids and red spider mites. Before disease onset, spray 20% Virus A at 500 times dilution, or 1.5% Zhibingling at 1000 times dilution. Once every 10 days, for 2-3 consecutive applications.
Phytophthora rot. Mainly affects fruits and leaves. Use 75% chlorothalonil at 600 times dilution, 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb at 400-500 times dilution, or 64% Fenaminosulf at 500 times dilution, spraying once every 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays. In heavily affected plots, pay even more attention to crop rotation, selecting disease-resistant varieties, and proper disinfection of soil, seeds and air; use 300-400 times Bamulan nutritional protective solution for protection, or use Dacotech or Fenghu'an for protection; 60% Shuangyike at 500-800 times dilution is also an option, once every 5-7 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays.
Bacterial wilt This is a bacterial disease. Properly disinfect soil, seeds and air. In the early disease stage, use 72% agricultural streptomycin at 4000 times dilution, 50% DT fungicide at 500 times dilution, or 77% Kocide at 500 times dilution as a root drench, 0.3-0.5 L per plant, once every 10 days for 3 consecutive drenches.
Fruit hardening When pricking out seedlings, use larger nutritional pots as much as possible and make full use of light-enhancement techniques. Manage temperature strictly; soil temperature must not fall below 13-15°C. During the flowering period, air temperature should not be lower than 20°C, and at the same time prevent it from exceeding 30°C; spray foliar fertilizers such as 3% potassium dihydrogen sulfate.
Red spider mites and tea yellow mites Choose 73% propargite emulsifiable concentrate at 2000 times dilution, 5% hexythiazox emulsifiable concentrate at 2000 times dilution, or 20% dicofol at 1000 times dilution for spray control, once every 10 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays.
Whiteflies and aphids Use 22% dichlorvos smoke agent at 0.5 kg per mu or 20% Mieya No. 1 smoke agent at 0.25 kg per mu for fumigation, or use 5% Mieya dust at 1 kg for dusting.
Brown spot Mainly affects stems, leaves and fruits. Both seedling and mature stages can be affected. Control methods include proper seed disinfection, crop rotation and selecting disease-resistant varieties; long eggplant is more resistant than round eggplant. In addition, apply chemicals at the right time. Use 75% chlorothalonil at 600 times dilution, 64% Fenaminosulf at 500 times dilution, or 40% Zhongshuangtong at 600-700 times dilution, spraying once every 7-9 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays, or use Dacotech M-45 once every 7-14 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays.
Verticillium wilt Control methods include seed disinfection, crop rotation, removing and replacing infected stubble, pulling out diseased plants and chemical control. Use 50% DT fungicide at 500 times dilution, 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or 70% Dexon at 500 times dilution as a root drench, 0.5 L per plant.
Sclerotinia rot Use 50% Sumilex wettable powder at 1500-2000 times dilution, 50% iprodione wettable powder at 1000 times dilution, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 1000-1500 times dilution, or dimethachlon wettable powder at 1000-1500 times dilution, alternating sprays for 3-4 consecutive applications. In winter, use 10% Sumilex smoke agent or 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250 g per mu for fumigation, or use Fenghu'an at 400-500 times dilution for 3-4 consecutive sprays.
Damping-off Mainly occurs at the seedling stage. Pay attention to seedbed disinfection and select disease-resistant varieties. For seedling-stage infection, use 58% Ridomil-MZ wettable powder at 500 times dilution, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution, or 64% Fenaminosulf wettable powder at 500 times dilution, spraying once every 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays; 60% Shuangyike at 800-1000 times dilution, once every 5-7 days for 4-6 consecutive sprays.
Viral disease Strengthen early control of aphids and red spider mites. Before disease onset, spray 20% Virus A at 500 times dilution, or 1.5% Zhibingling at 1000 times dilution. Once every 10 days, for 2-3 consecutive applications.
Phytophthora rot. Mainly affects fruits and leaves. Use 75% chlorothalonil at 600 times dilution, 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb at 400-500 times dilution, or 64% Fenaminosulf at 500 times dilution, spraying once every 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays. In heavily affected plots, pay even more attention to crop rotation, selecting disease-resistant varieties, and proper disinfection of soil, seeds and air; use 300-400 times Bamulan nutritional protective solution for protection, or use Dacotech or Fenghu'an for protection; 60% Shuangyike at 500-800 times dilution is also an option, once every 5-7 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays.
Bacterial wilt This is a bacterial disease. Properly disinfect soil, seeds and air. In the early disease stage, use 72% agricultural streptomycin at 4000 times dilution, 50% DT fungicide at 500 times dilution, or 77% Kocide at 500 times dilution as a root drench, 0.3-0.5 L per plant, once every 10 days for 3 consecutive drenches.
Fruit hardening When pricking out seedlings, use larger nutritional pots as much as possible and make full use of light-enhancement techniques. Manage temperature strictly; soil temperature must not fall below 13-15°C. During the flowering period, air temperature should not be lower than 20°C, and at the same time prevent it from exceeding 30°C; spray foliar fertilizers such as 3% potassium dihydrogen sulfate.
Red spider mites and tea yellow mites Choose 73% propargite emulsifiable concentrate at 2000 times dilution, 5% hexythiazox emulsifiable concentrate at 2000 times dilution, or 20% dicofol at 1000 times dilution for spray control, once every 10 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays.
Whiteflies and aphids Use 22% dichlorvos smoke agent at 0.5 kg per mu or 20% Mieya No. 1 smoke agent at 0.25 kg per mu for fumigation, or use 5% Mieya dust at 1 kg for dusting.