What are the main weed species in rapeseed fields?

(Agricultural Wealth Network) Weeds in rapeseed fields are generally divided into gramineous winter weeds (monocotyledonous weeds) and broadleaf weeds (dicotyledonous weeds). The main gramineous weeds include Alopecurus aequalis (shortawn foxtail), Eleocharis yokoscensis (needle spikerush), Poa annua (annual bluegrass), Polypogon fugax (Asia Minor bluegrass), Galium aparine (catchweed bedstraw), Cardamine hirsuta (hairy bittercress), Descurainia sophia (flixweed), Stellaria uliginosa (bog stitchwort), Mazu pumilus (mazus), Veronica didyma (bird's-eye speedwell) and Poa annua, Sclerochloa kengiana (hard grass), etc. The main broadleaf weeds include Conyza canadensis (horseweed) and Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse), etc.