Detailed explanation of high-yield rapeseed seedling-raising techniques: master the key points, grow strong seedlings, and achieve high yields

(Agricultural Wealth Network) Rapeseed seedling-raising and transplanting is the main planting method for rapeseed cultivation. Seedling-raising and transplanting can not only make full use of the temperature and light resources before winter, match with the late rice cropping slot, and ensure the farming season, but also help achieve high yields of rapeseed and rice. As the farming proverb says, "Good seedlings give three-tenths of the harvest; poor seedlings lose half." Therefore, cultivating strong seedlings is the foundation for rapeseed to achieve high yields. To cultivate strong rapeseed seedlings, five key points must be well controlled: seed selection, field selection, field preparation, sowing, and seedbed management. Choose excellent varieties. It is required to select double-low rapeseed varieties with high yield, good quality, and good resistance. In combination with the autumn sowing variety announcement of the provincial Department of Agriculture and local production realities, reasonably choose the main promoted varieties, select high-yield varieties such as Guangyuan 58, Huayouza 13, and Huayouza 14, and choose varieties prudently to avoid losses. Select a good seedling field. It is required to choose a field with flat terrain, fertile and loose soil, and convenient drainage and irrigation as the seedling field. The seedbed area must be sufficient, and the ratio of seedling field to main field area is generally required to be 1:5. Finely plow and carefully level the seedling field. Within one week before sowing, plow and level 2-3 times to make the soil fine and loose, the surface soil level, and the moisture moderate. At the same time, in combination with plowing and leveling, apply 1000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, plus 50 kg of high-content compound fertilizer and 400 g of Chilibor (or 1 kg of high-quality borax). According to the standard of a bed width of 4 chi, pull ropes, open ditches, and divide beds. The bed ditches should facilitate drainage and seedling-stage management. Choose timely sowing. Rapeseed for both bolts and seeds should be sown in mid-to-late August; transplanted rapeseed should be sown in early-to-mid September; directly sown rapeseed should be sown in late September. For transplanted rapeseed, the sowing rate per mu of seedbed should preferably be 1 jin; for directly sown rapeseed, the sowing rate per mu should preferably be controlled at 0.4 jin. After sowing, cover with rice straw, and water in time in case of drought to ensure rapid and uniform emergence. Strengthen seedbed management. The seedling age is generally controlled at 30-40 days. Seedbed management mainly focuses on five key points: drought resistance and waterlogging drainage, thinning and final singling of seedlings, spraying paclobutrazol, early topdressing of seedling fertilizer, and good pest and disease control. First, after sowing, timely resist drought and protect seedlings, and promptly remove the covering when rapeseed just emerges, so as to facilitate seedbed management and seedling growth. Second, thin seedlings at the one-leaf-one-heart stage, clear clustered and crowded seedlings, and carry out final singling when the third true leaf appears. Generally, keep 70-80 seedlings per square meter, and 50,000-60,000 seedlings per mu of seedbed after final singling. Third, after final singling at the three-leaf stage, spray 50 g of 15% paclobutrazol mixed with 50 kg of water per mu of seedbed to cultivate strong seedlings. Fourth, after final singling, in combination with drought resistance, irrigate with dilute water and manure. 6-7 days before transplanting, apply 3 kg of urea per mu as send-off fertilizer to enhance root vitality and promote early survival and early growth after transplanting.