What types of succulent cuttings are there? Many gardening enthusiasts don't know

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The rooting of succulent plant cuttings is called "adventitious roots" because there is no fixed position where they emerge. According to the site where adventitious roots arise on the stem, they can be divided into two types. (Sometimes both types occur at the same time)

1. Bark rooting type

Under normal circumstances, the cambium area of the cutting can form many groups of parenchyma cells, called root primordia. These root primordia are the material basis for producing large numbers of adventitious roots. Due to cell division, they differentiate outward into a conical root cap, invade the phloem, extend toward the lenticels, and finally form adventitious roots through the epidermis. This rooting method belongs to varieties that root easily, and the survival rate is also relatively high.

2. Callus rooting type. On the cut surface at the base of the cutting stem, the protoplasm of the injured cells decomposes to produce wound hormone. At the same time, under the combined action of auxin transported from above and rooting-inducing substances, callus tissue forms on the cut surface. While protecting the cut from invasion by external bacteria, it continues cell differentiation. The most active cells on the callus continuously divide, forming root production points, namely root primordia, thereby producing adventitious roots. This rooting type requires a longer time and higher external conditions and cutting techniques, so for most varieties that are difficult to root and slow to root, the rooting sites are mostly callus tissue.

Concept distinction: this should be distinguished from "aerial roots." Aerial roots are a type of adventitious root, but the two cannot be equated. Aerial roots refer to adventitious roots that grow from the stems of adult plants, grow above the ground, and are exposed to the air. Aerial roots generally lack the structures of root cap and root hairs and cannot absorb nutrients. They generally play roles in support, climbing, respiration, and absorbing moisture from the air, so they are also called "respiratory roots" or "ventilating roots." They are commonly found in perennial herbaceous or woody plants. For example, many varieties in the genus Kalanchoe of the Crassulaceae family grow aerial roots, such as Kalanchoe daigremontiana, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Kalanchoe tomentosa, Kalanchoe marmorata, and so on. The adventitious roots that occur during cuttings are not aerial roots.

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