What are the key technical points for managing chives (garlic chives) in greenhouses in winter?
How should chives be managed in greenhouses in winter?
1. Management of the chive bed before covering the greenhouse. In mid-November, cut off and clear away the dead leaves and weeds in the chive bed, then carry out inter-row cultivation, open furrows and apply fertilizer. Generally, apply 2000-2500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer or 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. After application, cover with soil level with the chive clumps and water. After the covering soil settles, cover once more with fine soil to thoroughly bury the chive clumps.
2. Appropriate earthing up. About 25 days after the greenhouse is covered, the chives can emerge. When the seedlings grow to 6-7 cm tall, carry out the first earthing up, with a soil height of 3-4 cm; when the seedlings grow to 10-15 cm tall, carry out the second earthing up, with a soil height of 6-7 cm. The base of the chives then becomes a mound of soil, and the spaces between rows become furrows.
3. Temperature management. The suitable temperature for chive growth is 18°C-20°C. Inside the greenhouse, maintain about 20°C during the day and above 6°C at night. In the early stage after covering the greenhouse, the temperature is relatively high, so ventilation can be used around noon to lower the temperature. Four to five days before harvesting the first cutting of chives, appropriately uncover the film for ventilation. After harvesting, do not ventilate. Wait until the new leaves grow to 9-12 cm tall, and when the greenhouse temperature exceeds 25°C, ventilate. After each watering, appropriately ventilate to lower the temperature.
4. Fertilizer and water management. Do not water before harvesting the first cutting of chives. When the second cutting of chives grows to 6 cm tall, combine with watering and apply 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer or 1500 kg of human and livestock manure per mu. Water again 4-5 days before harvesting, with the amount of water depending on the greenhouse temperature. After that, after each cutting, scrape the ridges, sun-dry the bulbs, and after new leaves grow, combine with watering, topdressing and earthing up.
5. Harvesting at the appropriate time. When the chives reach 20-25 cm tall, cut the first time. After that, the interval between cuttings is 20-25 days. Generally, 3-4 cuttings can be harvested in the greenhouse, and the yield per mu can reach 3000 kg. When harvesting, note: the earliest harvesting period should be after 5 leaves. When harvesting, do not cut too deep; cutting level with the soil surface is sufficient, otherwise the bulbs will be injured and cause missing plants and broken rows.
6. Pest and disease control. The main pests and diseases of greenhouse chives are chive maggots and gray mold. For chive maggots, use a 1000-fold dilution of 90% trichlorfon crystal for root irrigation; for gray mold, in the early stage of the disease, choose a 1000-fold dilution of 50% procymidone wettable powder, spray once every 7 days, and spray 2-3 times consecutively, which gives good control effects.
2. Appropriate earthing up. About 25 days after the greenhouse is covered, the chives can emerge. When the seedlings grow to 6-7 cm tall, carry out the first earthing up, with a soil height of 3-4 cm; when the seedlings grow to 10-15 cm tall, carry out the second earthing up, with a soil height of 6-7 cm. The base of the chives then becomes a mound of soil, and the spaces between rows become furrows.
3. Temperature management. The suitable temperature for chive growth is 18°C-20°C. Inside the greenhouse, maintain about 20°C during the day and above 6°C at night. In the early stage after covering the greenhouse, the temperature is relatively high, so ventilation can be used around noon to lower the temperature. Four to five days before harvesting the first cutting of chives, appropriately uncover the film for ventilation. After harvesting, do not ventilate. Wait until the new leaves grow to 9-12 cm tall, and when the greenhouse temperature exceeds 25°C, ventilate. After each watering, appropriately ventilate to lower the temperature.
4. Fertilizer and water management. Do not water before harvesting the first cutting of chives. When the second cutting of chives grows to 6 cm tall, combine with watering and apply 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer or 1500 kg of human and livestock manure per mu. Water again 4-5 days before harvesting, with the amount of water depending on the greenhouse temperature. After that, after each cutting, scrape the ridges, sun-dry the bulbs, and after new leaves grow, combine with watering, topdressing and earthing up.
5. Harvesting at the appropriate time. When the chives reach 20-25 cm tall, cut the first time. After that, the interval between cuttings is 20-25 days. Generally, 3-4 cuttings can be harvested in the greenhouse, and the yield per mu can reach 3000 kg. When harvesting, note: the earliest harvesting period should be after 5 leaves. When harvesting, do not cut too deep; cutting level with the soil surface is sufficient, otherwise the bulbs will be injured and cause missing plants and broken rows.
6. Pest and disease control. The main pests and diseases of greenhouse chives are chive maggots and gray mold. For chive maggots, use a 1000-fold dilution of 90% trichlorfon crystal for root irrigation; for gray mold, in the early stage of the disease, choose a 1000-fold dilution of 50% procymidone wettable powder, spray once every 7 days, and spray 2-3 times consecutively, which gives good control effects.