What are the cultivation methods for mature tea gardens? Key points explained in detail
Cultivation methods for mature tea gardens
Cultivation of tea gardens loosens the soil layer, improves permeability, favors the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms, accelerates the decomposition and transformation of materials, and thus improves soil fertility. By turning under weeds and fallen tea leaves and twigs during cultivation, soil organic matter can be increased. Turning deep soil up to the surface helps soil maturity and improvement and thickens the active soil layer. During cultivation, part of the tea plant root system is inevitably damaged, which can play a role in root renewal; this is especially necessary for the renovation of aging tea gardens and the rejuvenation of tree vigor.
Tea garden cultivation can be divided into two types: shallow cultivation and deep cultivation.
1. Shallow cultivation.
The main purpose of shallow cultivation between tea rows is to break up the compacted soil layer, improve soil aeration and water permeability, and eliminate weeds in the tea garden. Shallow cultivation does not damage tea plant roots much. Shallow cultivation of the tea garden multiple times each year can achieve good results. Tea gardens with many weeds generally need shallow cultivation and weeding before each topdressing. In summer and autumn, when weeds grow most easily, the number of shallow cultivations should be increased. During shallow cultivation, strive to bury the weed mass completely into the soil.
Mature tea gardens are cultivated and weeded 3 to 4 times each year. The first is between winter and spring, with a comprehensive shallow turning of 15 to 20 cm; the subsequent times are carried out between each round of growth, with a shallow turning depth of 5 to 10 cm, keeping the soil loose and the weeds clean.
2. Deep cultivation.
The depth of deep cultivation between tea rows is generally more than 20 cm. Its effect of improving and maturing the soil is stronger than that of shallow cultivation, but it damages the root system more. Therefore, it must be flexibly managed according to different tea garden types.
Deep cultivation of the soil in aging tea gardens should be combined with canopy renewal. The depth and width of deep cultivation are both relatively large. Generally, for a tea garden with a row spacing of 1.5 m, it is advisable not to exceed 50 cm x 50 cm, and it should be combined with the application of a large amount of organic fertilizer.
Tea garden cultivation can be divided into two types: shallow cultivation and deep cultivation.
1. Shallow cultivation.
The main purpose of shallow cultivation between tea rows is to break up the compacted soil layer, improve soil aeration and water permeability, and eliminate weeds in the tea garden. Shallow cultivation does not damage tea plant roots much. Shallow cultivation of the tea garden multiple times each year can achieve good results. Tea gardens with many weeds generally need shallow cultivation and weeding before each topdressing. In summer and autumn, when weeds grow most easily, the number of shallow cultivations should be increased. During shallow cultivation, strive to bury the weed mass completely into the soil.
Mature tea gardens are cultivated and weeded 3 to 4 times each year. The first is between winter and spring, with a comprehensive shallow turning of 15 to 20 cm; the subsequent times are carried out between each round of growth, with a shallow turning depth of 5 to 10 cm, keeping the soil loose and the weeds clean.
2. Deep cultivation.
The depth of deep cultivation between tea rows is generally more than 20 cm. Its effect of improving and maturing the soil is stronger than that of shallow cultivation, but it damages the root system more. Therefore, it must be flexibly managed according to different tea garden types.
Deep cultivation of the soil in aging tea gardens should be combined with canopy renewal. The depth and width of deep cultivation are both relatively large. Generally, for a tea garden with a row spacing of 1.5 m, it is advisable not to exceed 50 cm x 50 cm, and it should be combined with the application of a large amount of organic fertilizer.