Does zearalenone affect the immunity of pigs?
Does zearalenone affect the immune status of pigs?
Does zearalenone affect the immune function of pigs? Why does it affect it? How does it affect it? Does it affect immune organs? Does it affect humoral immunity or cellular immunity? Through what (indicators, figures...) is the effect proven?
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You had better look up the information on this; there is a lot online. Mycotoxins have immunosuppressive effects.
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The most common producer of zearalenone is Fusarium graminearum. Zearalenone is particularly sensitive in pigs, and zearalenone poisoning often occurs easily when moldy, deteriorated corn is fed in spring and summer each year. As a kind of estrogen-like substance, this toxin competitively binds to estrogen receptors, inhibits corpus luteum formation, and affects reproduction. It can also cause functional and morphological changes in the reproductive organs of pigs. Clinical symptoms: swelling of the vulva in sows, enlargement of the mammary glands, and uterine hyperplasia. In the early stage of the disease, the vaginal mucosa shows only mild congestion and redness, after which the vulva and the inside of the vagina become swollen; severely poisoned sows may show rectal and vaginal prolapse, leading to failure to ovulate or unclear estrus in sows. Pregnant sows that consume a diet containing this toxin may experience stillbirth, mummification, abortion, or death of newborn piglets, as well as abnormal postpartum estrus. Lactating sows are also very sensitive to this toxin and may show continuous estrus or prolonged estrus cycles. In young sows, false estrus (red and swollen vulva) appears clinically, and functional disorders of the ovaries occur, mainly manifested as poor ovarian development and ovarian endocrine disorders. Ovarian insufficiency causes ovulation disorders, resulting in failure to come into estrus at breeding age or repeated infertility after mating. Young boars may show testicular atrophy, enlarged nipples as female characteristics, and it can also reduce litter size. In boars or castrated pigs, preputial edema and mammary hypertrophy may occur.
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May I ask everyone, how about using a rapid detection method if testing for zearalenone, because sometimes corn is purchased in small batches and there are many batches, so if laboratory testing is done, it may take up a large part of the effort?
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Kit testing. But the accuracy is probably not high
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You had better look up the information on this; there is a lot online. Mycotoxins have immunosuppressive effects.
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The most common producer of zearalenone is Fusarium graminearum. Zearalenone is particularly sensitive in pigs, and zearalenone poisoning often occurs easily when moldy, deteriorated corn is fed in spring and summer each year. As a kind of estrogen-like substance, this toxin competitively binds to estrogen receptors, inhibits corpus luteum formation, and affects reproduction. It can also cause functional and morphological changes in the reproductive organs of pigs. Clinical symptoms: swelling of the vulva in sows, enlargement of the mammary glands, and uterine hyperplasia. In the early stage of the disease, the vaginal mucosa shows only mild congestion and redness, after which the vulva and the inside of the vagina become swollen; severely poisoned sows may show rectal and vaginal prolapse, leading to failure to ovulate or unclear estrus in sows. Pregnant sows that consume a diet containing this toxin may experience stillbirth, mummification, abortion, or death of newborn piglets, as well as abnormal postpartum estrus. Lactating sows are also very sensitive to this toxin and may show continuous estrus or prolonged estrus cycles. In young sows, false estrus (red and swollen vulva) appears clinically, and functional disorders of the ovaries occur, mainly manifested as poor ovarian development and ovarian endocrine disorders. Ovarian insufficiency causes ovulation disorders, resulting in failure to come into estrus at breeding age or repeated infertility after mating. Young boars may show testicular atrophy, enlarged nipples as female characteristics, and it can also reduce litter size. In boars or castrated pigs, preputial edema and mammary hypertrophy may occur.
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May I ask everyone, how about using a rapid detection method if testing for zearalenone, because sometimes corn is purchased in small batches and there are many batches, so if laboratory testing is done, it may take up a large part of the effort?
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Kit testing. But the accuracy is probably not high