Prevention and Treatment of Osteomalacia and Rickets in Pigs
Internal Diseases of Pigs - Osteomalacia and Rickets in Pigs
[Causes] Rickets in pigs often occurs in fast-growing piglets, while osteomalacia often occurs in sows in late pregnancy and during lactation. It is mainly caused by improper feeding and management, deficiency of calcium or phosphorus or an imbalance of calcium and phosphorus, insufficient vitamin D, dark and damp pig houses, and lack of sunlight exposure, resulting in disordered calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the pig's body and abnormal bone formation; or it may be caused by gastrointestinal diseases, parasitic diseases and other reasons that hinder the absorption and utilization of vitamin D, or be induced by weaning piglets too early.
[Symptoms] At the beginning of the disease, feed intake decreases, and the pig likes to eat foreign matter such as soil, broken bricks and tiles, prefers lying down, and is unwilling to stand and walk. When forced to stand and move, it appears tense, often makes crying sounds, walks unsteadily with weak limbs, and gradually develops swollen joints and deformed bones. The sternum, ribs and limb bones become bent and deformed, and fractures may even occur. The chest cavity becomes narrow. Affected sows are prone to paralysis.
[Diagnosis] Based on clinical symptoms, it is easy to confirm the diagnosis.
[Treatment] Formula 1 At a ratio of 1 gram of furnace ash powder per 1 kg of body weight, mix the furnace ash powder into the pig feed and feed 3 times a day. Mild cases recover in 7 days, and severe cases in half a month. Formula 2 Bone meal 100 g, black beans (cooked) 100 g, fish meal 50 g, Nanjing stone powder 50 g, cod liver oil 2 mL; divide into 2 doses per day and mix into the feed to feed the pig, continuing for several days until recovery. Formula 3 Mix pig bones and sheep bones, roast them dry, grind them into fine powder, mix into the feed and feed, 3 times a day; recovery occurs in 10-15 days. Formula 4 Dog bone meal 125 g, Ajuga decumbens 100 g; mix the dog bone meal into the feed and feed, 3 times a day, 2 spoonfuls each time, for 3 consecutive days. Decoct Ajuga decumbens in water and administer, once a day, for 4 consecutive doses. Formula 5 Dried Agkistrodon acutus 125 g, grind into powder, mix into the feed and feed, once a day, 15 g each time, until finished. Formula 6 Serissa japonica 1 part, Clematis chinensis 1 part, bone meal 3 parts; grind together into powder, mix into the feed and feed, 2 times a day, 30-60 g each time, for 7-10 consecutive days. Formula 7 Tortoise plastron (roasted dry) 20 g, scorched Massa Medicata Fermentata 25 g, Drynaria fortunei 15 g; grind together into powder. For large pigs, feed in 1 dose; for pigs under 50 kg, divide into 2 doses and mix into the feed. Give once every other day, with 20 times as one course of treatment. It treats calcium deficiency with body weakness and indigestion. Formula 8 Bone meal 65 g, Polygonum multiflorum 45 g, chicken gizzard lining or duck gizzard lining 15 g; grind together into powder, add cod liver oil 12-15 mL, mix into the feed and give to the pig in 1 dose. It can prevent and treat osteomalacia with indigestion. Formula 9 Several young wild jujube branches; cut into pieces and mash, feed daily without a fixed dosage limit. Formula 10 Atractylodes lancea 2 parts, Haliotis shell 1 part; grind together into fine powder and make into a powder preparation, 20 g each time, taken orally once. Formula 11 Smilax china 500 g, cut finely, add rice 500 g and salt 20 g, cook into porridge and feed to the pig, 1 dose per day, for 2-3 consecutive doses. Formula 12 Fry eggshells until yellow and grind into powder; for piglets, 20 g each time mixed into the feed, divided into 2 feedings per day. Formula 13 Grind Atractylodes lancea into fine powder; for piglets, 10 g, 2 times a day. Formula 14 Fish meal; for piglets, 10-20 g, mix into concentrated feed and feed, 2 times a day. Formula 15 Atractylodes lancea 10 g, prepared rehmannia 10 g, Chinese yam 10 g; first grind the medicines into powder and boil in water, then administer together with the medicinal powder, once a day, for 10 consecutive days. Formula 16 Small fish (dried in the shade with miscellaneous parts, or fresh and mashed) 200 g, black beans fried dry 250 g, Rosa laevigata 100 g, Massa Medicata Fermentata 50 g; grind together into powder, administer once with boiling water, or mix into the feed and feed. It treats deficiency of kidney and spleen, impaired transformation and transportation, and osteomalacia with fatigue. Formula 17 Supplement yeast and bran (1.2-2.5 kg bran plus yeast 50-70 g, boil and let stand overnight, divide into 3 feedings per day), or use calcium phosphate 2-5 g or 10% calcium chloride solution 1 tablespoon each time, 2 times a day, mixed into the feed and fed. Formula 18 Grind animal bones or eggshells finely, mix 50-100 g daily into the feed and feed to sows or piglets. Formula 19 Eggshell powder, shell powder, Nanjing stone powder, calcium lactate, calcium sulfate, fish meal or bone meal 50-100 g, 2 times a day, mixed into the feed and fed to pigs.
[Symptoms] At the beginning of the disease, feed intake decreases, and the pig likes to eat foreign matter such as soil, broken bricks and tiles, prefers lying down, and is unwilling to stand and walk. When forced to stand and move, it appears tense, often makes crying sounds, walks unsteadily with weak limbs, and gradually develops swollen joints and deformed bones. The sternum, ribs and limb bones become bent and deformed, and fractures may even occur. The chest cavity becomes narrow. Affected sows are prone to paralysis.
[Diagnosis] Based on clinical symptoms, it is easy to confirm the diagnosis.
[Treatment] Formula 1 At a ratio of 1 gram of furnace ash powder per 1 kg of body weight, mix the furnace ash powder into the pig feed and feed 3 times a day. Mild cases recover in 7 days, and severe cases in half a month. Formula 2 Bone meal 100 g, black beans (cooked) 100 g, fish meal 50 g, Nanjing stone powder 50 g, cod liver oil 2 mL; divide into 2 doses per day and mix into the feed to feed the pig, continuing for several days until recovery. Formula 3 Mix pig bones and sheep bones, roast them dry, grind them into fine powder, mix into the feed and feed, 3 times a day; recovery occurs in 10-15 days. Formula 4 Dog bone meal 125 g, Ajuga decumbens 100 g; mix the dog bone meal into the feed and feed, 3 times a day, 2 spoonfuls each time, for 3 consecutive days. Decoct Ajuga decumbens in water and administer, once a day, for 4 consecutive doses. Formula 5 Dried Agkistrodon acutus 125 g, grind into powder, mix into the feed and feed, once a day, 15 g each time, until finished. Formula 6 Serissa japonica 1 part, Clematis chinensis 1 part, bone meal 3 parts; grind together into powder, mix into the feed and feed, 2 times a day, 30-60 g each time, for 7-10 consecutive days. Formula 7 Tortoise plastron (roasted dry) 20 g, scorched Massa Medicata Fermentata 25 g, Drynaria fortunei 15 g; grind together into powder. For large pigs, feed in 1 dose; for pigs under 50 kg, divide into 2 doses and mix into the feed. Give once every other day, with 20 times as one course of treatment. It treats calcium deficiency with body weakness and indigestion. Formula 8 Bone meal 65 g, Polygonum multiflorum 45 g, chicken gizzard lining or duck gizzard lining 15 g; grind together into powder, add cod liver oil 12-15 mL, mix into the feed and give to the pig in 1 dose. It can prevent and treat osteomalacia with indigestion. Formula 9 Several young wild jujube branches; cut into pieces and mash, feed daily without a fixed dosage limit. Formula 10 Atractylodes lancea 2 parts, Haliotis shell 1 part; grind together into fine powder and make into a powder preparation, 20 g each time, taken orally once. Formula 11 Smilax china 500 g, cut finely, add rice 500 g and salt 20 g, cook into porridge and feed to the pig, 1 dose per day, for 2-3 consecutive doses. Formula 12 Fry eggshells until yellow and grind into powder; for piglets, 20 g each time mixed into the feed, divided into 2 feedings per day. Formula 13 Grind Atractylodes lancea into fine powder; for piglets, 10 g, 2 times a day. Formula 14 Fish meal; for piglets, 10-20 g, mix into concentrated feed and feed, 2 times a day. Formula 15 Atractylodes lancea 10 g, prepared rehmannia 10 g, Chinese yam 10 g; first grind the medicines into powder and boil in water, then administer together with the medicinal powder, once a day, for 10 consecutive days. Formula 16 Small fish (dried in the shade with miscellaneous parts, or fresh and mashed) 200 g, black beans fried dry 250 g, Rosa laevigata 100 g, Massa Medicata Fermentata 50 g; grind together into powder, administer once with boiling water, or mix into the feed and feed. It treats deficiency of kidney and spleen, impaired transformation and transportation, and osteomalacia with fatigue. Formula 17 Supplement yeast and bran (1.2-2.5 kg bran plus yeast 50-70 g, boil and let stand overnight, divide into 3 feedings per day), or use calcium phosphate 2-5 g or 10% calcium chloride solution 1 tablespoon each time, 2 times a day, mixed into the feed and fed. Formula 18 Grind animal bones or eggshells finely, mix 50-100 g daily into the feed and feed to sows or piglets. Formula 19 Eggshell powder, shell powder, Nanjing stone powder, calcium lactate, calcium sulfate, fish meal or bone meal 50-100 g, 2 times a day, mixed into the feed and fed to pigs.