How to do epidemic prevention and disinfection for pig raising on fermentation beds? What pig farmers need to know
How pig farmers using fermentation beds can do a good job of disinfection in epidemic prevention
In recent years, I have visited some pig farmers in rural areas and found that they pay more attention to vaccination in epidemic prevention, but pay little attention to biosecurity and disinfection in pig raising, and implementation is weak. How can rural pig farmers do a good job of disinfection in the prevention and treatment of pig diseases so that the pig herd can grow healthily and economic benefits can be improved? This article discusses the main problems existing in epidemic prevention and disinfection among rural pig farmers at present, the selection and use of disinfectants, disinfection procedures and precautions, for reference only.
Main problems
1. Insufficient understanding of disinfection and insufficient attention. Many pig farmers do not fully understand the importance of biosecurity and disinfection in pig raising, think disinfection is troublesome, and do not regard biosecurity and disinfection work as an important measure for carrying out the policy of "prevention first." Pig farmers have long intervals between disinfections, and no system has been formed; they only disinfect the floor of the pig house, the pig pens, and the pigsty walls, but leave many blind spots. Some important parts, such as drinkers, water tanks, water pipes, feed troughs and the tools used, are rarely disinfected. These places are also breeding grounds for pathogenic microorganisms and can also cause the spread of disease.
2. Disinfection of the environment around the pig house, personnel and supplies is not in place. Most farmers rarely disinfect the environment around the pig house or personnel entering and leaving. Personnel enter and leave the pig house at will, work clothes are worn both inside and outside the house, and tools and items are commonly shared inside and outside the house.
3. The choice of disinfectants is single, and the use concentration is not standardized. Some farmers use 1-2 kinds of disinfectants for a long time without regularly changing them, causing pathogens to develop drug resistance and affecting the disinfection effect. Some farmers arbitrarily increase or decrease the concentration when preparing disinfectants. If the mixing concentration of the disinfectant is too low, it cannot kill pathogenic microorganisms. Although the higher the concentration, the stronger the killing effect on pathogenic microorganisms, the range within which the concentration can be increased is limited, and not all disinfectants can improve disinfection efficacy once the limit is exceeded. This is because various chemical disinfectants have different chemical characteristics and chemical structures, and their effects on pathogenic microorganisms are also different.
4. Disinfection methods and disinfection procedures are unscientific. For example, some pig houses are not thoroughly cleaned and rinsed before disinfectant liquid is hastily sprayed, causing the disinfectant to first bind with organic matter present in the environment, so that the killing effect on microorganisms is greatly reduced, and it is very difficult to achieve the disinfection effect.
5. The quality of the selected disinfectants is unqualified. To save money, some farmers buy "three-no disinfectants" from the market that have no production approval number, no manufacturer, and no production date. After use, not only is the purpose of disinfection not achieved, but production is affected instead, causing economic losses.
How to use disinfectants
1. Build a disinfection pool in front of the pig house door, put sackcloth inside, and put 2% caustic soda solution, 1% Xundudi solution or 5% Lysol solution into the pool. Replace the liquid once a week for disinfection when personnel enter and leave the pig house.
2. The floor, passages, walls, pigsties, pig pens, ceilings, doors and windows of the pig house, exercise areas, equipment and tools, etc. can be sprayed or scrubbed for disinfection with Dijunsha (1:100 dilution) solution, Baijunmie (1:300) solution, Miedujing (1:200) solution or 0.5% Qiangli Xiaoduling solution, etc.
3. The environment outside the pig house, passages, sewers, sewage ditches and other places can be disinfected with 2% caustic soda solution, Baijunmie (1:300) solution or Miedujing (1:200) solution.
4. Drinkers, water pipes and water tanks can be soaked or rinsed for disinfection with bleaching powder containing more than 20% available chlorine diluted into a 3% solution. For drinking water, Miedujing (1:300) solution can be used, or 1 ml of Baidusha added to 10 liters of water for disinfection.
5. The farrowing room and farrowing bed can be disinfected with Weikang disinfectant (1:3000) or Miedujing (1:200) solution or 0.25%-0.50% Kangduwei solution, etc. The udder area of the sow can be wiped and disinfected with 0.1% benzalkonium bromide solution or 0.1% potassium permanganate solution.
6. For disinfection with pigs present inside the pig house, 0.1% peracetic acid solution, 0.5% Qiangli Xiaoduling solution or 0.015% Baidusha solution is commonly used for spray disinfection.
7. Pig feces, urine and sewage contain pathogenic microorganisms, especially in diseased pig herds, and must be strictly disinfected. Feces can be disinfected by the fermentation pit method and the stacking method, or sprayed with 5% ammonia water for disinfection (for a small amount of feces); urine and sewage can be disinfected with bleaching powder containing 25% available chlorine, that is, add 3 grams of bleaching powder to 100 ml of urine or drinking water, allow it to act for 2 hours, and then discharge.
Disinfection procedures
1. First, thoroughly clean and sweep the floor, walls, doors and windows, ceiling, passages, sewers, manure and sewage ditches, pigsties, pig pens, drinkers, water tanks, water pipes, tools, etc. in the pig house, then moisten with water, and then repeatedly rinse with a high-pressure water gun.
2. After drying, scrub and disinfect once with disinfectant liquid.
3. On the second day, rinse once more with a high-pressure water gun.
4. After drying, spray and disinfect once more with disinfectant liquid.
5. If it is an empty house, finally fumigate and disinfect once with formalin. Pigs can be introduced 3 days after the house is left empty. For fumigation disinfection, use 25 ml of formalin solution, 25 grams of potassium permanganate and 12.5 ml of water per cubic meter of space. After calculating the amount, first mix the water and formalin (place the chemicals at separate points) in a container, then add potassium permanganate, and stir it with a wooden stick. After a few seconds, a light blue gas that irritates the eyes and nose can be seen evaporating out. The indoor temperature should be maintained at 22°C-27°C, keep doors and windows closed for 24 hours, and then open the doors and windows for ventilation.
For pig houses that cannot implement "all-in, all-out", after sweeping and cleaning thoroughly, rinse with water, and then carry out disinfection with pigs present, once a week, and twice a day when an epidemic occurs.
6. Low-lying areas around the pig house should be filled level, weeds and garbage removed, rodents eliminated, mosquitoes and flies killed, and birds driven away, etc. Clean once every half month, and spray disinfect once a month with Miedujing, Weikang or 5% Lysol solution.
7. Work clothes, shoes, hats, tools and utensils should be disinfected regularly; medical instruments, syringes, etc. should be disinfected by boiling, once for each use.
Disinfection precautions
1. Read the drug instructions in detail and use disinfectants correctly. Prepare the disinfectant solution according to the provisions and requirements of the disinfectant instructions. The ratio must be accurate, and the drug concentration must not be arbitrarily increased or reduced. Determine the target of use and the method of use according to the performance of each disinfectant. For example, in acidic and alkaline environments, chloride-based and aldehyde-based disinfectants should be used respectively to achieve a good disinfection effect. When viral and spore-forming diseases occur, it is best to use iodine-based or chloride-based disinfectants rather than quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants.
2. Do not arbitrarily mix two different disinfectants for use or disinfect the same item with them at the same time. This is because when two different disinfectants are used together, physical or chemical incompatibility often causes the drugs to fail.
3. Strictly follow the disinfection operating procedures, and check carefully afterward to ensure the disinfection effect.
4. Disinfectants should be replaced regularly. Do not use one disinfectant for a long time to disinfect one target, so as to avoid pathogens developing drug resistance and affecting the disinfection effect.
5. Disinfectant liquid should be prepared for immediate use and used up within the specified time as much as possible. If prepared disinfectant liquid is left for too long, the effective concentration of the liquid will decrease or it will completely fail.
6. Disinfection operators should protect themselves well, such as wearing gloves, rubber boots and other protective equipment, so as to avoid disinfectant liquid irritating the hands, skin, mucous membranes and eyes, etc. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the harm of disinfectant liquid to the pig herd and its corrosive effect on metals and other items.
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I have learned something. I am just about to set up a fermentation bed.
--------------------------------------
Ordinary fermentation beds do not allow direct spraying of disinfectant liquid. Lukangao has a special disinfectant for fermentation beds.
--------------------------------------
This post was last edited by qi___qi on 2009-12-5 14:50
Where are you from, and what type of fermentation bed are you preparing to set up? If needed, we can cooperate.
--------------------------------------
Fermentation beds should not require such complicated disinfection, right?
--------------------------------------
I do not agree with raising pigs on fermentation beds, and I also do not agree with disinfection under this model. It does not make sense theoretically either, let alone in reality, hehe. I will not say more.
Main problems
1. Insufficient understanding of disinfection and insufficient attention. Many pig farmers do not fully understand the importance of biosecurity and disinfection in pig raising, think disinfection is troublesome, and do not regard biosecurity and disinfection work as an important measure for carrying out the policy of "prevention first." Pig farmers have long intervals between disinfections, and no system has been formed; they only disinfect the floor of the pig house, the pig pens, and the pigsty walls, but leave many blind spots. Some important parts, such as drinkers, water tanks, water pipes, feed troughs and the tools used, are rarely disinfected. These places are also breeding grounds for pathogenic microorganisms and can also cause the spread of disease.
2. Disinfection of the environment around the pig house, personnel and supplies is not in place. Most farmers rarely disinfect the environment around the pig house or personnel entering and leaving. Personnel enter and leave the pig house at will, work clothes are worn both inside and outside the house, and tools and items are commonly shared inside and outside the house.
3. The choice of disinfectants is single, and the use concentration is not standardized. Some farmers use 1-2 kinds of disinfectants for a long time without regularly changing them, causing pathogens to develop drug resistance and affecting the disinfection effect. Some farmers arbitrarily increase or decrease the concentration when preparing disinfectants. If the mixing concentration of the disinfectant is too low, it cannot kill pathogenic microorganisms. Although the higher the concentration, the stronger the killing effect on pathogenic microorganisms, the range within which the concentration can be increased is limited, and not all disinfectants can improve disinfection efficacy once the limit is exceeded. This is because various chemical disinfectants have different chemical characteristics and chemical structures, and their effects on pathogenic microorganisms are also different.
4. Disinfection methods and disinfection procedures are unscientific. For example, some pig houses are not thoroughly cleaned and rinsed before disinfectant liquid is hastily sprayed, causing the disinfectant to first bind with organic matter present in the environment, so that the killing effect on microorganisms is greatly reduced, and it is very difficult to achieve the disinfection effect.
5. The quality of the selected disinfectants is unqualified. To save money, some farmers buy "three-no disinfectants" from the market that have no production approval number, no manufacturer, and no production date. After use, not only is the purpose of disinfection not achieved, but production is affected instead, causing economic losses.
How to use disinfectants
1. Build a disinfection pool in front of the pig house door, put sackcloth inside, and put 2% caustic soda solution, 1% Xundudi solution or 5% Lysol solution into the pool. Replace the liquid once a week for disinfection when personnel enter and leave the pig house.
2. The floor, passages, walls, pigsties, pig pens, ceilings, doors and windows of the pig house, exercise areas, equipment and tools, etc. can be sprayed or scrubbed for disinfection with Dijunsha (1:100 dilution) solution, Baijunmie (1:300) solution, Miedujing (1:200) solution or 0.5% Qiangli Xiaoduling solution, etc.
3. The environment outside the pig house, passages, sewers, sewage ditches and other places can be disinfected with 2% caustic soda solution, Baijunmie (1:300) solution or Miedujing (1:200) solution.
4. Drinkers, water pipes and water tanks can be soaked or rinsed for disinfection with bleaching powder containing more than 20% available chlorine diluted into a 3% solution. For drinking water, Miedujing (1:300) solution can be used, or 1 ml of Baidusha added to 10 liters of water for disinfection.
5. The farrowing room and farrowing bed can be disinfected with Weikang disinfectant (1:3000) or Miedujing (1:200) solution or 0.25%-0.50% Kangduwei solution, etc. The udder area of the sow can be wiped and disinfected with 0.1% benzalkonium bromide solution or 0.1% potassium permanganate solution.
6. For disinfection with pigs present inside the pig house, 0.1% peracetic acid solution, 0.5% Qiangli Xiaoduling solution or 0.015% Baidusha solution is commonly used for spray disinfection.
7. Pig feces, urine and sewage contain pathogenic microorganisms, especially in diseased pig herds, and must be strictly disinfected. Feces can be disinfected by the fermentation pit method and the stacking method, or sprayed with 5% ammonia water for disinfection (for a small amount of feces); urine and sewage can be disinfected with bleaching powder containing 25% available chlorine, that is, add 3 grams of bleaching powder to 100 ml of urine or drinking water, allow it to act for 2 hours, and then discharge.
Disinfection procedures
1. First, thoroughly clean and sweep the floor, walls, doors and windows, ceiling, passages, sewers, manure and sewage ditches, pigsties, pig pens, drinkers, water tanks, water pipes, tools, etc. in the pig house, then moisten with water, and then repeatedly rinse with a high-pressure water gun.
2. After drying, scrub and disinfect once with disinfectant liquid.
3. On the second day, rinse once more with a high-pressure water gun.
4. After drying, spray and disinfect once more with disinfectant liquid.
5. If it is an empty house, finally fumigate and disinfect once with formalin. Pigs can be introduced 3 days after the house is left empty. For fumigation disinfection, use 25 ml of formalin solution, 25 grams of potassium permanganate and 12.5 ml of water per cubic meter of space. After calculating the amount, first mix the water and formalin (place the chemicals at separate points) in a container, then add potassium permanganate, and stir it with a wooden stick. After a few seconds, a light blue gas that irritates the eyes and nose can be seen evaporating out. The indoor temperature should be maintained at 22°C-27°C, keep doors and windows closed for 24 hours, and then open the doors and windows for ventilation.
For pig houses that cannot implement "all-in, all-out", after sweeping and cleaning thoroughly, rinse with water, and then carry out disinfection with pigs present, once a week, and twice a day when an epidemic occurs.
6. Low-lying areas around the pig house should be filled level, weeds and garbage removed, rodents eliminated, mosquitoes and flies killed, and birds driven away, etc. Clean once every half month, and spray disinfect once a month with Miedujing, Weikang or 5% Lysol solution.
7. Work clothes, shoes, hats, tools and utensils should be disinfected regularly; medical instruments, syringes, etc. should be disinfected by boiling, once for each use.
Disinfection precautions
1. Read the drug instructions in detail and use disinfectants correctly. Prepare the disinfectant solution according to the provisions and requirements of the disinfectant instructions. The ratio must be accurate, and the drug concentration must not be arbitrarily increased or reduced. Determine the target of use and the method of use according to the performance of each disinfectant. For example, in acidic and alkaline environments, chloride-based and aldehyde-based disinfectants should be used respectively to achieve a good disinfection effect. When viral and spore-forming diseases occur, it is best to use iodine-based or chloride-based disinfectants rather than quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants.
2. Do not arbitrarily mix two different disinfectants for use or disinfect the same item with them at the same time. This is because when two different disinfectants are used together, physical or chemical incompatibility often causes the drugs to fail.
3. Strictly follow the disinfection operating procedures, and check carefully afterward to ensure the disinfection effect.
4. Disinfectants should be replaced regularly. Do not use one disinfectant for a long time to disinfect one target, so as to avoid pathogens developing drug resistance and affecting the disinfection effect.
5. Disinfectant liquid should be prepared for immediate use and used up within the specified time as much as possible. If prepared disinfectant liquid is left for too long, the effective concentration of the liquid will decrease or it will completely fail.
6. Disinfection operators should protect themselves well, such as wearing gloves, rubber boots and other protective equipment, so as to avoid disinfectant liquid irritating the hands, skin, mucous membranes and eyes, etc. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the harm of disinfectant liquid to the pig herd and its corrosive effect on metals and other items.
--------------------------------------
I have learned something. I am just about to set up a fermentation bed.
--------------------------------------
Ordinary fermentation beds do not allow direct spraying of disinfectant liquid. Lukangao has a special disinfectant for fermentation beds.
--------------------------------------
This post was last edited by qi___qi on 2009-12-5 14:50
Where are you from, and what type of fermentation bed are you preparing to set up? If needed, we can cooperate.
--------------------------------------
Fermentation beds should not require such complicated disinfection, right?
--------------------------------------
I do not agree with raising pigs on fermentation beds, and I also do not agree with disinfection under this model. It does not make sense theoretically either, let alone in reality, hehe. I will not say more.