How to raise Ya fish? Detailed explanation of key breeding techniques

I. Living habits: Ya fish (Schizothorax prenanti, etc.) like to inhabit cold-water streams with fresh water quality, flowing water, sufficient water volume, and gravelly substrate. The optimum growth water temperature is 18--22°C. Below 8°C or above 24°C, appetite decreases and growth slows. When the water temperature exceeds 26°C, feeding stops. Prolonged continuous high temperatures cause the body to weaken and die. Ya fish are fish that prefer high oxygen. Water quality requirements for raising Ya fish: high transparency, high dissolved oxygen. When the dissolved oxygen content in the water is below 4mg/L, the breathing rate of Ya fish increases and they feel uncomfortable; when the dissolved oxygen content in the water is below 2.8mg/L, the fish gasp at the surface and death occurs; when the dissolved oxygen content in the water is below 2mg/L, mass death occurs, and this value is the lethal point for Ya fish in summer. When the dissolved oxygen content in the water is 5mg/L, Ya fish grow normally; when the dissolved oxygen content in the water is 7mg/L, Ya fish grow fastest. Ya fish can survive in a water environment with a PH value of 5.5--8.2, and the optimum PH value is 7--7.5.
II. Seedling and fingerling rearing of Ya fish:
(I) Training of fry and water flowers: newly hatched larvae have very pale body color. At this time, the larvae are afraid of light and prefer to gather at the bottom of the pond where the water flow is weaker and the light is dimmer; insufficient water flow can easily cause suffocation and death. For this reason, the pond bottom should be kept clean, and the water flow should be appropriately increased. The water injection rate per 10,000 fry should be maintained at about 1 liter/minute. The area of the larval pond is generally 5-10 sq m, and the stocking density is about 500 fry/sq m. According to the characteristics of each developmental stage during the fry period, feed that is nutritious and easy to digest should be provided. At the beginning of feeding, since the fry have not yet formed the habit of eating artificial feed, the feed should be scattered into every corner, and more feed can only be used. Initially, cooked egg yolk can be mixed into a slurry and dripped onto the upstream part of the fish pond and the water surface where fish are present, so that the fry can encounter egg yolk particles and swallow them. Once the fry can gather in small groups to compete for food, the feed can be dripped onto the places where the fry gather. Cooked egg yolk can also be squeezed through gauze into fine particles and dripped into the water, and later the egg white can also be used together. To ensure complete nutrition, rotifers and chopped water earthworms can also be used for feeding, or spread on thin iron wire and hung in the pond so that the fry can slowly feed on their own. Later, raw eggs and wheat flour are added to the paste feed, and after cooking, it is rubbed into small particles on an iron wire net and fed 6-7 times a day. Under good rearing conditions, the fry grow very quickly and develop black speckles.
(II) Fingerling rearing:
1. Feed: The nutritional requirements of compound feed for Ya fish are similar to those for sturgeon. The daily feeding rate for Ya fish is 2-8% of body weight.
2. Seedling and fingerling screening: Uneven growth of Ya fish is a common phenomenon. When the fry reach a body weight of 2 grams, screening is required once, and they are reared in separate ponds according to different sizes to improve the survival rate of fry and fingerlings and accelerate growth.
3. Frequent cleaning of waste: Ya fish like to live in water bodies with fresh water quality and high oxygen content. As breeding time increases, the feed fed and the waste excreted by the fish continuously increase. Although flowing water can wash away part of it, another part still accumulates on the bottom layer of still water. These leftover bait and excrement not only pollute the water quality and consume oxygen, but also spread fish diseases, which is extremely unfavorable for fry and fingerling rearing and must be removed in time.
(III) Pond culture:
(1) Conditions and requirements of the culture pond: the pond should be solid, not leak water, have sufficient water source, and convenient water injection and drainage. A water depth of 1.0-1.5M is suitable, the water quality should be clear, dissolved oxygen must not be lower than 6.5mg/L, and the water temperature must not be higher than 23 degrees.
(2) Preparation before stocking: repair and disinfect the pond, and fill it with fresh water.
(3) Stocking size and density of fingerlings: the general size is 10g per fish. The stocking density is 5000 fish/mu.
(4) Management during the grow-out period: patrol the fish pond frequently and strictly control water quality, and take timely measures when problems are found; feed mainly includes two types, water earthworms and compound feed. Control the daily feeding amount, generally feeding 2-5% of fish body weight. Generally feed 3-5 times a day; achieve fixed-point, fixed-time, and fixed-quantity feeding; pay attention to the drainage and injection of pond water, keep the water level at about 1.5M, and the daily water exchange volume at 20%. Pay attention to fish pond hygiene and disease prevention and control, promptly clean up weeds around and inside the pond, large algae, and feed residue, regularly feed drugs to prevent disease, and when disease is found, identify the cause in time and take corresponding measures; check regularly and keep records.
(IV) Cage culture:
(1) Stocking size and density. Ya fish cage culture can be divided into two types: one is the intermediate rearing stage of seedlings and fingerlings in cages; the other is the grow-out stage. In the intermediate rearing stage of seedlings and fingerlings, the best stocking size is 3 cm in body length, and the stocking density is 1000 fish/cubic meter. In the grow-out stage, the stocking density of fingerlings with a body length of 10 cm is 50 fish/cubic meter.
(2) Daily management of cages. Safety inspection to strictly prevent fish escape. During cage culture, the safety of the cage should be checked frequently; ensure no fish escape, and keep good rearing records, including fish activity and feeding conditions, water temperature measurements, mortality conditions, weather changes, fish growth conditions (measured once every 10-15 days), cage damage conditions, and repair conditions.