How to prevent and control diseases, pests and weeds from wheat sowing to emergence
Prevention and control measures for diseases, pests and weeds from wheat sowing to emergence
According to surveys at our station's monitoring points, combined with climatic factors and a comprehensive analysis of relevant conditions, it is expected that diseases, pests and weeds from the wheat sowing period to the seedling stage will generally occur at a moderate level, while underground pests and weeds will occur heavily in some plots. The main targets requiring preventive measures include wheat sharp eyespot, root rot, smut, underground pests, small brown planthopper (wheat rosette dwarf virus disease), soil locusts, crickets and wheat field weeds, etc.
1. For rosette dwarf virus disease, in wheat fields near ditches, roadsides, wasteland, trees and other places, during the wheat emergence period spray with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin or 10% imidacloprid or 40% dimethoate etc. at 1000-fold dilution, or use 3% acetamiprid at 1500-fold dilution for spraying, or spray a pesticide band 7-10 meters inward along the edge of the wheat field, to protect the wheat field from the virus-transmitting damage of the small brown planthopper.
2. For soil locusts and crickets, on the basis of eradicating the weeds around the wheat field, during the wheat emergence period promptly spray with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin or 40% dimethoate etc. at 1000-fold dilution for control, or promptly spray a pesticide band 7-10 meters inward along the edge of the wheat field, to protect the wheat field from damage.
3. For underground pests, on the basis of carrying out chemical seed treatment well, during the wheat emergence period, in places where there is damage, promptly spray (irrigate) along the rows with 50% phoxim at 1000-fold dilution.
4. For malignant grass weeds, at the 3-5 leaf stage of wheat and the 2-4 leaf stage of weeds, select 70% flucarbazone-sodium, or 6.9% fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, or 3% mesosulfuron-methyl according to the different types of grass weeds for control. To control malignant grass weeds, first, try to choose sunny weather, and spraying when the temperature is above 10°C gives better results. Second, be careful not to skimp on water while sparing pesticide; the spray volume must be sufficient, and it is emphasized to spray evenly in one pass, without re-spraying or missing spots. Third, grasp the use technique of mesosulfuron-methyl well; this pesticide has a good effect on controlling jointed goatgrass, but the dosage and the wheat growth stage must be well controlled, so as to avoid aggravating pesticide damage.
5. For biennial broadleaf weeds such as flixweed, shepherd's purse and cowherb, promptly select tribenuron-methyl, 2,4-D butyl ester, etc. for spray control at the 2-4 leaf stage after emergence. Among them, 2,4-D butyl ester can be used in autumn at a dose reduced by 1/3 from the conventional dosage, to prevent pesticide damage, and the spray equipment must be dedicated.
1. For rosette dwarf virus disease, in wheat fields near ditches, roadsides, wasteland, trees and other places, during the wheat emergence period spray with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin or 10% imidacloprid or 40% dimethoate etc. at 1000-fold dilution, or use 3% acetamiprid at 1500-fold dilution for spraying, or spray a pesticide band 7-10 meters inward along the edge of the wheat field, to protect the wheat field from the virus-transmitting damage of the small brown planthopper.
2. For soil locusts and crickets, on the basis of eradicating the weeds around the wheat field, during the wheat emergence period promptly spray with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin or 40% dimethoate etc. at 1000-fold dilution for control, or promptly spray a pesticide band 7-10 meters inward along the edge of the wheat field, to protect the wheat field from damage.
3. For underground pests, on the basis of carrying out chemical seed treatment well, during the wheat emergence period, in places where there is damage, promptly spray (irrigate) along the rows with 50% phoxim at 1000-fold dilution.
4. For malignant grass weeds, at the 3-5 leaf stage of wheat and the 2-4 leaf stage of weeds, select 70% flucarbazone-sodium, or 6.9% fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, or 3% mesosulfuron-methyl according to the different types of grass weeds for control. To control malignant grass weeds, first, try to choose sunny weather, and spraying when the temperature is above 10°C gives better results. Second, be careful not to skimp on water while sparing pesticide; the spray volume must be sufficient, and it is emphasized to spray evenly in one pass, without re-spraying or missing spots. Third, grasp the use technique of mesosulfuron-methyl well; this pesticide has a good effect on controlling jointed goatgrass, but the dosage and the wheat growth stage must be well controlled, so as to avoid aggravating pesticide damage.
5. For biennial broadleaf weeds such as flixweed, shepherd's purse and cowherb, promptly select tribenuron-methyl, 2,4-D butyl ester, etc. for spray control at the 2-4 leaf stage after emergence. Among them, 2,4-D butyl ester can be used in autumn at a dose reduced by 1/3 from the conventional dosage, to prevent pesticide damage, and the spray equipment must be dedicated.