Detailed Explanation of the Key Techniques for Getting Summer Bamboo Shoots from Gaozhu Bamboo in Winter
Techniques for Getting Summer Shoots from Gaozhu Bamboo in Winter
Gaozhu bamboo, also known as wool bamboo, is a specialty of Jiande City. It was introduced to Ningbo City after 1985 for cultivation, and the planting area in Ningbo City has now reached 2000 mu. It is a mid-season summer shoot variety. Its yield is relatively high, with bamboo shoot output per mu at around 4000 kg, but because the shoot emergence period is concentrated from mid-April to mid-May, it coincides with the peak shoot emergence period of other bamboo species, so low selling prices often occur, with output value per mu generally only 2000-2500 yuan. Feng Weixiang, a villager from Jingtou Village, Sanqishi Town, Yuyao City, successfully conducted a "summer shoots in winter" experiment, and maintained a shoot emergence period of more than 100 days, thus greatly improving economic returns. In 1994 he planted 1.4 mu of Gaozhu bamboo, covered it in November 19976, and from January 10, 1997, shoots began to emerge and stopped emerging in late April, producing a total of 2389.8 kg of shoots, with an output value of 19726 yuan, equivalent to 1707 kg per mu and 14090 yuan output value per mu, averaging 8.25 yuan per kg. Through several years of practice, he explored and summarized the experience of "summer shoots in winter," which is to do a good job in the three areas of "water, fertilizer, and temperature."
Water: Bamboo cannot do without water from rhizome running, shoot gestation, and shoot growth to mature culm formation. Without a certain amount of moisture, bamboo cannot grow, let alone produce "summer shoots in winter." However, too much moisture is also unfavorable for growth, and can easily cause rhizome rot, even to the point of the entire bamboo forest dying. Therefore, the first condition for selecting afforestation land for Gaozhu bamboo is good drainage and convenient water use. Bamboo forest land for "summer shoots in winter" must ensure sufficient moisture during the rhizome running period from June to July, the shoot gestation period from September to November, the covering period in December, and the shoot growth period from January to March.
Fertilizer: Fertilizer must be applied sufficiently, 3 times a year. In June, apply quick-acting fertilizer, using 20-25 kg of urea per mu, plus 30-35 kg of compound fertilizer, combined with loosening the soil, to promote rhizome running; in August to September, apply 20-25 kg of urea per mu to promote sprouting; before covering in November is the key fertilization period of the year, applying 7500-10000 kg of farmyard manure per mu (pig manure, garbage, etc.), which can both increase temperature and provide longer-lasting fertilizer effect, conducive to early emergence and high yield of bamboo shoots.
Temperature: The starting soil temperature for Gaozhu bamboo shoot emergence is 18-20°C, and the soil temperature for reaching the peak shoot emergence period is 25-30°C. The effective method to increase soil temperature is covering. Bamboo leaves are best as covering material , and rice straw, sawdust, and rice husk can also be used, but they must be materials with a relatively good warming effect, so that the temperature rises above 25°C, with a covering thickness of 30-35 cm. After covering, under normal circumstances, shoots begin to emerge after 25 days. Therefore, the covering time should be determined by analyzing market conditions. Before covering, water thoroughly. Because the covering material is dry, only with moisture can it ferment and increase temperature. Water until it seeps down to the bamboo rhizome, generally watering 25-30 tons per mu.
Water: Bamboo cannot do without water from rhizome running, shoot gestation, and shoot growth to mature culm formation. Without a certain amount of moisture, bamboo cannot grow, let alone produce "summer shoots in winter." However, too much moisture is also unfavorable for growth, and can easily cause rhizome rot, even to the point of the entire bamboo forest dying. Therefore, the first condition for selecting afforestation land for Gaozhu bamboo is good drainage and convenient water use. Bamboo forest land for "summer shoots in winter" must ensure sufficient moisture during the rhizome running period from June to July, the shoot gestation period from September to November, the covering period in December, and the shoot growth period from January to March.
Fertilizer: Fertilizer must be applied sufficiently, 3 times a year. In June, apply quick-acting fertilizer, using 20-25 kg of urea per mu, plus 30-35 kg of compound fertilizer, combined with loosening the soil, to promote rhizome running; in August to September, apply 20-25 kg of urea per mu to promote sprouting; before covering in November is the key fertilization period of the year, applying 7500-10000 kg of farmyard manure per mu (pig manure, garbage, etc.), which can both increase temperature and provide longer-lasting fertilizer effect, conducive to early emergence and high yield of bamboo shoots.
Temperature: The starting soil temperature for Gaozhu bamboo shoot emergence is 18-20°C, and the soil temperature for reaching the peak shoot emergence period is 25-30°C. The effective method to increase soil temperature is covering. Bamboo leaves are best as covering material , and rice straw, sawdust, and rice husk can also be used, but they must be materials with a relatively good warming effect, so that the temperature rises above 25°C, with a covering thickness of 30-35 cm. After covering, under normal circumstances, shoots begin to emerge after 25 days. Therefore, the covering time should be determined by analyzing market conditions. Before covering, water thoroughly. Because the covering material is dry, only with moisture can it ferment and increase temperature. Water until it seeps down to the bamboo rhizome, generally watering 25-30 tons per mu.