Key Points on Nutrient Requirements and Diet Formulation for Sows
Nutrition and Diets for Sows
Sows During the Mating Period
For 80-90 kg replacement gilts, the daily feed intake of compound feed should not exceed 2 kg. The diet of replacement gilts should contain 3.1 Mcal/kg digestible energy, 15% crude protein, 0.7% lysine, 0.82% calcium and 0.73% phosphorus, and an adequate supply of trace elements and vitamins must be ensured.
Sows During Gestation
The nutritional characteristic of pregnant sows is to control the nutritional level appropriately. According to China's feeding standards, for sows in early gestation (the first 80 days after mating), when body weight is 90-120 kg, the daily intake of compound feed is 1.7 kg; when body weight is 120-150 kg, the daily intake is 1.9 kg; and when body weight is above 150 kg, it is 2 kg. In late gestation (one month before farrowing), for body weights of 90-120 kg, 120-150 kg and above 150 kg, the daily feed intake is 2.2 kg, 2.4 kg and 2.5 kg of compound feed respectively. The dietary nutritional level is 12%-13% crude protein, 2.8-3.0 Mcal/kg digestible energy, 0.4%-0.5% lysine, 0.6% calcium and 0.5% phosphorus. In addition, besides feeding compound feed, in order to give sows a feeling of fullness and supplement vitamins, it is best to pair it with high-quality green feed or roughage.
For multiparous sows that are thin after weaning, feed intake should be increased starting 10 days before mating, until the reproductive body condition is restored after mating. For multiparous sows whose body condition has already reached 70% in early gestation, a low nutritional level should be given in early pregnancy, and feed intake should be increased in late pregnancy (according to feeding standards). For young sows, due to their own development and the needs of the fetuses, a feeding method of gradually increasing the nutritional level should be adopted throughout the entire gestation period. Regardless of the type of sow, late gestation (from day 90 to 3 days before farrowing) requires short-term flushing, which is done by increasing the daily feed by 1 kg of compound feed per sow.
Sows at Farrowing
5-7 days before farrowing, concentrate feed should be reduced by 10%-20% of the diet, and wheat bran should be added to the diet, up to half of the original feed, which can prevent constipation. It is best not to feed anything 10-12 hours before farrowing, but drinking water should be provided, and the water should be warmed in cold weather. On the day of farrowing, 0.9-1.4 kg of diet can be fed, then gradually increased, and after 5-7 days it reaches the feeding standard and amount for lactating sows. It is best to feed a certain dose of antibiotics within 7-10 days before farrowing, which can prevent various diseases in piglets and sows.
Lactating Sows
The compound feed for lactating sows should contain 14%-15% crude protein, 2.9-3.1 Mcal/kg digestible energy, 0.4%-0.5% salt, 0.5%-0.6% lysine, 0.65% calcium and 0.5% phosphorus, and attention should be paid to an adequate supply of trace elements and multivitamins. The key points of feeding lactating sows are to master the daily feeding amount and frequency. Do not feed too much after farrowing; gradually increase the daily feeding amount over 3-5 days, and switch to normal after 7 days. From 10-20 days after farrowing, the daily feeding amount should reach 4.5-5 kg of compound feed; from 20-30 days, it should reach 5.5-6 kg; and from 30-35 days, it should gradually decrease to about 5 kg. Feeding 4 times a day is best, at 6:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 22:00 each day. Lactating sows are best fed wet feed, with a feed-to-water ratio of 1:0.5-0.7.
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Thank you for such good information
For 80-90 kg replacement gilts, the daily feed intake of compound feed should not exceed 2 kg. The diet of replacement gilts should contain 3.1 Mcal/kg digestible energy, 15% crude protein, 0.7% lysine, 0.82% calcium and 0.73% phosphorus, and an adequate supply of trace elements and vitamins must be ensured.
Sows During Gestation
The nutritional characteristic of pregnant sows is to control the nutritional level appropriately. According to China's feeding standards, for sows in early gestation (the first 80 days after mating), when body weight is 90-120 kg, the daily intake of compound feed is 1.7 kg; when body weight is 120-150 kg, the daily intake is 1.9 kg; and when body weight is above 150 kg, it is 2 kg. In late gestation (one month before farrowing), for body weights of 90-120 kg, 120-150 kg and above 150 kg, the daily feed intake is 2.2 kg, 2.4 kg and 2.5 kg of compound feed respectively. The dietary nutritional level is 12%-13% crude protein, 2.8-3.0 Mcal/kg digestible energy, 0.4%-0.5% lysine, 0.6% calcium and 0.5% phosphorus. In addition, besides feeding compound feed, in order to give sows a feeling of fullness and supplement vitamins, it is best to pair it with high-quality green feed or roughage.
For multiparous sows that are thin after weaning, feed intake should be increased starting 10 days before mating, until the reproductive body condition is restored after mating. For multiparous sows whose body condition has already reached 70% in early gestation, a low nutritional level should be given in early pregnancy, and feed intake should be increased in late pregnancy (according to feeding standards). For young sows, due to their own development and the needs of the fetuses, a feeding method of gradually increasing the nutritional level should be adopted throughout the entire gestation period. Regardless of the type of sow, late gestation (from day 90 to 3 days before farrowing) requires short-term flushing, which is done by increasing the daily feed by 1 kg of compound feed per sow.
Sows at Farrowing
5-7 days before farrowing, concentrate feed should be reduced by 10%-20% of the diet, and wheat bran should be added to the diet, up to half of the original feed, which can prevent constipation. It is best not to feed anything 10-12 hours before farrowing, but drinking water should be provided, and the water should be warmed in cold weather. On the day of farrowing, 0.9-1.4 kg of diet can be fed, then gradually increased, and after 5-7 days it reaches the feeding standard and amount for lactating sows. It is best to feed a certain dose of antibiotics within 7-10 days before farrowing, which can prevent various diseases in piglets and sows.
Lactating Sows
The compound feed for lactating sows should contain 14%-15% crude protein, 2.9-3.1 Mcal/kg digestible energy, 0.4%-0.5% salt, 0.5%-0.6% lysine, 0.65% calcium and 0.5% phosphorus, and attention should be paid to an adequate supply of trace elements and multivitamins. The key points of feeding lactating sows are to master the daily feeding amount and frequency. Do not feed too much after farrowing; gradually increase the daily feeding amount over 3-5 days, and switch to normal after 7 days. From 10-20 days after farrowing, the daily feeding amount should reach 4.5-5 kg of compound feed; from 20-30 days, it should reach 5.5-6 kg; and from 30-35 days, it should gradually decrease to about 5 kg. Feeding 4 times a day is best, at 6:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 22:00 each day. Lactating sows are best fed wet feed, with a feed-to-water ratio of 1:0.5-0.7.
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Thank you for such good information