Can miscellaneous meals replace soybean meal? Feasibility and analysis of existing problems
Feasibility and existing problems of replacing soybean meal with miscellaneous meals
2 Several issues to note when replacing soybean meal in diets
2.1 Adjust palatability
Among plant-based protein feeds, apart from soybean meal and peanut meal, other protein feeds from processing by-products have poor palatability due to their odor, color, or the presence of toxic and harmful substances. In production, adjustments should be made according to the specific raw materials, such as adding a certain amount of colorants or attractants to the feed.
2.2 Pay attention to the balance and supplementation of amino acids, especially lysine
The nutritional essence of protein for livestock and poultry is the nutrition of amino acids. The balance and appropriate amount of amino acids, especially the balance of the three limiting amino acids lysine, methionine and tryptophan, are the key factors affecting animal production performance. In the optimal formula combination of corn + soybean meal + fish meal, corn is deficient in lysine, but soybean meal is high in lysine, and fish meal is rich in methionine, which exactly compensates for the methionine deficiency of soybean meal. Therefore, if the "corn + soybean meal" diet for piglets is simply changed to a "corn + peanut meal" diet, protein can be satisfied, but lysine is deficient by 0.53%, and the daily gain of piglets drops from 540 g to 250 g. After adding 0.53% lysine, the daily gain can only be increased to 420 g, because other amino acids are also unbalanced. So the replacement of soybean meal
is not a replacement in the simple sense. Only when soybean meal replacement is carried out on the basis of ensuring that all amino acids in the diet are balanced can the production performance of livestock and poultry be guaranteed not to be affected.
2.3 Pay attention to protein and amino acid digestibility
The protein and amino acid digestibility varies greatly among different protein raw materials. For example, compared with cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal, soybean meal has a protein digestibility of 87%, while the digestibility of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal is only a little over 70%. The amino acid digestibility of soybean meal is 87%, while the digestibility of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal is 68% and 60% respectively. When cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal are used to replace soybean meal, in addition to lysine deficiency, the difference in protein digestibility is more than 15%. The difference in amino acid digestibility is more than 20%. It can be seen that when other protein feed resources are used to replace soybean meal, because of their low protein or amino acid digestibility, the protein and amino acid levels in the diet should be slightly higher than those in a soybean meal diet.
---------------------
Pretty good
Learned something
---------------------
Learned something, not bad at all
---------------------
Learned. Bookmarked..................
---------------------
Thanks a lot, learned something again
---------------------
The key is still the problem of digestibility and palatability!
---------------------
Personal view: when designing formulas, design according to the ideal protein pattern, design based on available amino acids, and appropriately limit the amount according to raw material characteristics. Soybean meal-free diets are no longer anything profound
---------------------
Agree with the opinion above
---------------------
Yeah, good post, post more of these basic posts, thanks to the original poster
---------------------
Learned something, not bad at all
---------------------
Very good introduction, miscellaneous meals should have replaced soybean meal long ago
---------------------
Very good, everyone is slowly using them.
2.1 Adjust palatability
Among plant-based protein feeds, apart from soybean meal and peanut meal, other protein feeds from processing by-products have poor palatability due to their odor, color, or the presence of toxic and harmful substances. In production, adjustments should be made according to the specific raw materials, such as adding a certain amount of colorants or attractants to the feed.
2.2 Pay attention to the balance and supplementation of amino acids, especially lysine
The nutritional essence of protein for livestock and poultry is the nutrition of amino acids. The balance and appropriate amount of amino acids, especially the balance of the three limiting amino acids lysine, methionine and tryptophan, are the key factors affecting animal production performance. In the optimal formula combination of corn + soybean meal + fish meal, corn is deficient in lysine, but soybean meal is high in lysine, and fish meal is rich in methionine, which exactly compensates for the methionine deficiency of soybean meal. Therefore, if the "corn + soybean meal" diet for piglets is simply changed to a "corn + peanut meal" diet, protein can be satisfied, but lysine is deficient by 0.53%, and the daily gain of piglets drops from 540 g to 250 g. After adding 0.53% lysine, the daily gain can only be increased to 420 g, because other amino acids are also unbalanced. So the replacement of soybean meal
is not a replacement in the simple sense. Only when soybean meal replacement is carried out on the basis of ensuring that all amino acids in the diet are balanced can the production performance of livestock and poultry be guaranteed not to be affected.
2.3 Pay attention to protein and amino acid digestibility
The protein and amino acid digestibility varies greatly among different protein raw materials. For example, compared with cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal, soybean meal has a protein digestibility of 87%, while the digestibility of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal is only a little over 70%. The amino acid digestibility of soybean meal is 87%, while the digestibility of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal is 68% and 60% respectively. When cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal are used to replace soybean meal, in addition to lysine deficiency, the difference in protein digestibility is more than 15%. The difference in amino acid digestibility is more than 20%. It can be seen that when other protein feed resources are used to replace soybean meal, because of their low protein or amino acid digestibility, the protein and amino acid levels in the diet should be slightly higher than those in a soybean meal diet.
---------------------
Pretty good
Learned something
---------------------
Learned something, not bad at all
---------------------
Learned. Bookmarked..................
---------------------
Thanks a lot, learned something again
---------------------
The key is still the problem of digestibility and palatability!
---------------------
Personal view: when designing formulas, design according to the ideal protein pattern, design based on available amino acids, and appropriately limit the amount according to raw material characteristics. Soybean meal-free diets are no longer anything profound
---------------------
Agree with the opinion above
---------------------
Yeah, good post, post more of these basic posts, thanks to the original poster
---------------------
Learned something, not bad at all
---------------------
Very good introduction, miscellaneous meals should have replaced soybean meal long ago
---------------------
Very good, everyone is slowly using them.