Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Disease Prevention and Control in Crayfish Farming
Pond Clearing and Disinfection
In winter, drain the pond water to remove excess sludge and wild miscellaneous fish, then expose the pond to the sun. 15 days before stocking seedlings, maintain a water depth of 10cm in the pond, and use 150kg/mu of quicklime mixed with water to splash the entire pond to kill pathogenic bacteria.
Planting Aquatic Plants
In March, fill the pond with water to 30cm, cut Elodea into small segments of about 15cm in length, and evenly insert them into the water bottom. Appropriately transplant some Alternanthera philoxeroides. The aquatic plant planting area should account for 2/3 of the total pond area.
Introducing Snails
10 days before stocking, release 200kg of fresh live snails per mu.
Water Filling and Fertilization
One week before stocking, fill the pond with water to 50cm and apply 150kg/mu of fermented organic fertilizer to cultivate suitable palatable feed for the crayfish after they are put into the pond.
Scientific Mixed Culture
Implement mixed culture of crayfish, mandarin fish, and silver carp and bighead carp. Release about 50kg of healthy juvenile shrimp per mu, and bathe them in 3% saline solution for 2 to 3 minutes before stocking. Additionally, release 80 silver carp of 0.25kg each, 40 bighead carp, and 20 mandarin fish fry of 5 to 7cm each per mu.
Water Exchange and Oxygenation
Regularly add fresh water and renew water quality. Timely operate aerators to increase dissolved oxygen and improve water quality.
Water Quality Regulation
From July to September, apply microecological preparations (such as EM bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, etc.) to accelerate the ammonification and nitrification of organic matter. In other months, appropriately splash 15 to 20kg/mu of quicklime to maintain water quality that is fertile, lively, tender, and refreshing.
Scientific Management
Feed mainly with complete formula feed, and appropriately feed soybean cake, wheat bran, pumpkin, etc. During high-temperature seasons, add Chinese herbal medicines (such as Sanhuang Powder, etc.) to the feed to improve crayfish immunity. Implement the “four fixed (fixed time, fixed quality, fixed quantity, fixed location)” principle for feeding.