Comprehensive Guide to Agricultural Safety Production Knowledge

Earthquakes

1. Residents living in single-story houses should quickly run outside with something protecting their heads; if there is no time to run, hide under a table, under a bed, or beside sturdy furniture, and cover the mouth and nose with a towel to keep out dust and smoke. Residents living in buildings should choose small enclosed spaces such as the kitchen or bathroom to take shelter, or hide at the base of an interior wall or in a corner where a triangular space is easily formed; stay away from exterior walls, doors, windows, and balconies, and do not use the elevator.

2. When active outdoors, try to avoid the foot of mountains and steep cliffs to prevent rockfalls and landslides.

3. When in a classroom or at a workplace, quickly cover your head and close your eyes, and take shelter under the podium, desks, office furniture, and similar places. After the earthquake, evacuate in an orderly manner.

Debris Flow

1. If signs of a debris flow are detected, immediately observe the terrain and run toward the slopes on either side of the gully or to higher ground.

2. Be sure to find a way to get out of the house and reach open ground, preventing burial as much as possible. When escaping, discard all items that slow down your running speed.

3. Do not hide beneath steep slopes with rolling stones and large accumulations of debris.

4. Do not stay in low-lying places, and do not climb trees to take shelter.

Lightning Strikes

1. Be sure to close doors and windows; people indoors should stay away from doors, windows, water pipes, gas pipes, and other metal objects.

2. Turn off household appliances and unplug power cords to prevent lightning from entering through power lines.

3. When outdoors, take shelter promptly; do not stay in open wilderness areas; stay away from isolated large trees, tall towers, utility poles, and billboards; do not use a mobile phone outdoors.

4. When there is nowhere to take shelter in an open outdoor area, try to find a low-lying place (such as a dirt pit) to hide, or immediately crouch down to lower your body height.

5. Take fewer baths on thunderstorm days; users of solar water heaters must absolutely not take baths.

Electric Shock

1. Upon discovering someone suffering an electric shock, immediately turn off the switch and cut off the power. At the same time, use wooden sticks, belts, rubber products, and other insulating items to pry away the electrified objects from the person.

2. The person who has been separated from the power source should be quickly moved to a ventilated, dry place and laid flat on their back; loosen the upper garment and belt, check the person's mouth, clear mucus from the mouth, and remove dentures if any.

3. Immediately carry out on-site rescue. If breathing has stopped, use artificial respiration. If the heart has stopped beating, perform external chest compressions.

High Temperatures

1. Keep the diet light; drink plenty of cool boiled water, cold salt water, white chrysanthemum tea, mung bean soup, and other heatstroke-preventing beverages.

2. Workers under high-temperature conditions should take protective measures or stop work.

3. Minimize outdoor activity time during the day; when going out, use an umbrella, wear a sun hat, and apply sunscreen to avoid skin burns from strong light.

4. When dripping with sweat, never take a cold-water shower. First wipe off the sweat, rest a little, and then take a warm-water bath.

5. If someone suffers heatstroke, immediately carry the patient to a cool, ventilated place and give the patient physiological saline or "Shidishui" and other heatstroke-preventing medicines.

Emergencies in Public Places

1. When crowding occurs or an emergency is encountered, stay calm and pause briefly in a relatively safe spot.

2. Observe the surrounding terrain, look for signs of safe passages or emergency exits, determine your position, and be ready to evacuate at any time.

3. Listen to broadcasts, follow the guidance of on-site staff, and evacuate in an orderly manner through the nearest safe exit as quickly as possible; never move against the flow of people or take shortcuts.

4. If you accidentally fall in a crowd, immediately curl up your body and hold your head tightly to minimize injury.

Pesticide Poisoning

1. Immediately cut off the source of the poison and leave the poisoning site.

2. Remove contaminated clothing and trousers, and repeatedly rinse the body surface with lukewarm soapy water or diluted alkaline water for more than 10 minutes (note: in cases of trichlorfon poisoning, alkaline liquids must not be used).

3. For a comatose patient, immediately send them to the hospital so medical staff can perform gastric lavage. For a conscious poisoning patient, use chopsticks or fingers to stimulate the throat to induce vomiting.

4. When a comatose patient vomits frequently, the rescuer should lower the patient's head and turn the mouth to one side to prevent vomit from blocking the airway and causing suffocation.

5. If the patient's breathing and heartbeat stop, immediately carry out prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation; after vital signs stabilize, send them to the hospital for treatment.

Home Fires

1. When the oil in a wok catches fire while cooking, quickly cover it with a lid to put out the fire. If there is no lid, pour cut vegetables into the wok to put out the fire. Never douse it with water.

2. When an electrical appliance catches fire, first cut off the power, then smother the fire with a wet cotton quilt or wet clothing. If a television catches fire, approach it from the side to put out the fire.

3. If a liquefied gas tank catches fire, in addition to smothering it with wet bedding, clothing, and similar items, you can also forcefully scatter dry powder or baking soda toward the base of the flames, and close the valve as the fire is extinguished.

4. When escaping, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and quickly leave with your back to the direction of the smoke and fire. If the escape route is cut off and no rescue is available for a short time, close the doors and windows facing the fire, block the gaps in the door with wet towels and wet cloths, and soak the door with water to prevent smoke and fire from entering.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

1. Try to avoid contact with poultry that have died abnormally. When handling dead poultry, wear protective clothing, gloves, and a mask, and immediately disinfect or wash hands with soap afterward.

2. After contact with poultry, if symptoms such as fever, headache, chills, shivering, generalized pain and weakness, sore throat, and cough appear, and the fever does not subside within 48 hours, go to the hospital immediately.

3. Poultry workers should be vaccinated against avian influenza in a timely manner and thoroughly disinfect the workplace.

4. If chickens, ducks, pigeons, and other poultry are found to suddenly become ill in large numbers or die for unknown reasons, report to the animal epidemic prevention department as soon as possible for timely diagnosis and necessary isolation, disinfection, and other measures.

Hazardous Chemicals

1. If abandoned chemicals are found, do not pick them up; immediately call the police and clearly state the specific location, packaging labels, approximate quantity, and whether there is still an odor.

2. Immediately set up warning signs around the incident site and do not linger nearby. Smoking is strictly prohibited to prevent fire or explosion.

3. If a vehicle transporting hazardous chemicals has an accident, leave the accident site as quickly as possible, evacuate to a position upwind, and immediately call the police.

4. If injured by hazardous chemicals, immediately go to the hospital for treatment; do not delay.

Radioactive Sources

1. Do not blindly enter places marked with radioactive warning signs.

2. If you find an unmanaged object marked with an ionizing radiation symbol, or a cylindrical or spherical object made of lead, steel, paraffin, and similar materials, absolutely do not move it without authorization, do not open it, and do not take it home or sell it to a scrap collection station.

3. If you find unmanaged sparkling metal objects or unidentified objects such as metal chains, quickly move away from the site; absolutely do not move these objects and do not take them home.

4. Set up signs near suspicious objects to warn others not to approach, and immediately call the environmental protection department or the public security department.