How can open-field vegetables safely overwinter? Good winter management is key

Nitrogen control method? During the seedling stage, appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and never apply nitrogen fertilizer alone, so as to avoid poor cold resistance in the plants. Topdressing should be done early to promote sturdy vegetable seedlings. Before low temperatures, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer must not be applied; instead, apply 1 round of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance cold resistance.

Organic fertilizer method? Use warm farmyard manure such as pig and cattle manure or local mixed fertilizer, and bank it around the stems and roots of the vegetables. Fertilizing should be done on sunny days, with 1000-1500 kg per mu.

Manure water method? Before frost, splash on 400-500 kg of thin manure water per mu, so the soil is less likely to freeze.

Hilling method? Before freezing, in combination with intertillage, use crushed soil to hill up around the roots. This can loosen the soil, raise soil temperature, and directly protect the roots. However, intertillage and hilling must be done before the soil freezes, with a depth of 7-10 cm as suitable.

Mulching method? In the afternoon before frost arrives, cover the vegetable beds and vegetables with straw, rice straw, and similar materials, using 100 kg of rice straw per mu. It should be spread loosely, and the vegetables must not be completely covered, to prevent affecting photosynthesis.

Ash scattering method? Before low-temperature freezing damage arrives, scatter a thin layer of rice husk ash or plant ash on the vegetables; scatter plant ash between the rows.

Smoke method? Pile up weeds, straw, dead branches and fallen leaves, and light a smoke fire at the corner on the windward side before frost arrives, which can disperse the cold current.