Key Technical Points for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation During Winter Wheat Sowing

(1) Preventing Drought

Before overwintering, for wheat fields lacking soil moisture and those with straw returned to the field, rotary tillage sowing, and loose, unsettled soil, apply overwintering water at the appropriate time to ensure seedlings survive the winter safely. Promote water-saving irrigation; flood irrigation is prohibited. After irrigation, cultivate and hoe promptly to loosen the soil and preserve moisture, preventing surface cracking and avoiding root damage and seedling death caused by drafts.

(2) Preventing Freeze Injury

The main types of freeze injury to wheat in China are winter freeze injury, early spring freeze injury (late spring cold), and low-temperature chilling injury. To prevent freeze injury, choose varieties with suitable winter-spring growth habits, sow at the right time and rate, and improve sowing quality to cultivate strong seedlings. Remedial measures for wheat freeze injury include timely application of nitrogen fertilizer and watering after the plants are frozen.

(3) Preventing Diseases and Pests

Seed coating can effectively control a variety of seedling-stage diseases and pests. Use imidacloprid·fludioxonil·difenoconazole suspension seed coating agent for coating to control seedling-stage root rot, banded sclerotial blight, aphids, underground pests, and other diseases and pests. For wheat stripe rust, choose disease-resistant varieties, ensuring rational layout of resistance sources and regular rotation of varieties; for wheat scab, apply a mixture of cyenopyrafen·tebuconazole (28 grams/mu), carbendazim (50 grams/mu), or thiophanate-methyl (70 grams/mu) diluted in 25 kg of water for spray prevention from the full heading stage to the early flowering stage of wheat. Li Dan