Three prevention measures to do well when returning corn stover to the field

The corn harvest season is approaching again, and returning corn stover to the field has gradually been accepted by farmer friends, but some farmers have not mastered this technique comprehensively enough, and some problems have appeared in its application, even producing negative effects. In some fields, wheat emergence rates are low, and seedlings are yellow, weak, or even dead. Analysis shows the main causes are an imbalance in the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, stover being chopped too coarsely, and soil that is too loose, so precautions should be taken in production.

?Prevent carbon-to-nitrogen ratio imbalance.The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of corn stover is 65-85:1, while the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio suitable for microbial activity is 25:1. If nitrogen in the soil is insufficient after stover is returned to the field, microorganisms will compete with crops for nitrogen, and wheat seedlings will become nitrogen-deficient and yellow, thin and weak, and grow poorly. Solution: after chopping the stover, spread 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 20 kg of urea per mu on the surface of the stover, and then plow.

?Prevent stover from being chopped too coarsely.In some plots, the chopped stover is too long, with a length greater than 10 cm, which is not conducive to plowing and affects sowing. Solution: use a relatively high-horsepower large stover chopper, so that the stover is chopped finely, and rotary tillage is deeper, and the stover and soil are mixed evenly.

?Prevent soil from being too loose.After stover is returned to the field, the soil is too loose, with many large pores, and wheat seeds cannot come into close contact with the soil, which affects germination and growth, rooting is not firm, and even the "hanging root" phenomenon appears. To solve this problem, in addition to improving the quality of stover chopping, attention should also be paid to the following aspects: (1) Apply sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. (2) Improve soil moisture. (3) Improve sowing quality. (4) Press and water at the right time. After wheat sowing, air and dry for 1 day, then press with a stone roller to make the soil compact.

In addition, diseased stover cannot be returned directly to the field, otherwise diseases are likely to occur if corn is planted in the summer of the following year. This kind of stover should be destroyed or composted at high temperature before being applied to farmland.