Autumn vegetable management: guard against both waterlogging and drought

The early part of autumn falls in the hot, rainy season, when sunscald and flood disasters often occur, greatly affecting vegetable production. Therefore, vegetable growers should promptly take measures to prevent sunscald and waterlogging. In the late autumn period, high temperatures and little rain are common; hot, dry seasons easily cause vegetables to age, affecting their normal growth and quality. Therefore, when planting vegetables at this time, attention should be paid to preventing drought, starting from variety selection and the rational use of management measures to reduce the harm drought causes to vegetables.

?Preventing sunscald.1. In the hot summer and autumn seasons, shade nets should be used as cover to lower the temperature inside the greenhouse and avoid direct sunlight; ventilate the greenhouse promptly to cool it down, and when the temperature inside is too high, irrigate appropriately to replenish soil moisture, preventing plant body temperature from rising and fruits from losing water and developing sunscald. 2. Pay attention to rational close planting so that stems and leaves shade one another and fruits are not exposed to direct sunlight. 3. Once diseased fruits are found, remove them promptly. 4. During growth, supplement medium and trace elements in a timely manner to improve the crops' stress resistance. 5. In the hot season, spraying 6000-fold diluted natural brassin - Shuofeng 481 has a certain effect on preventing and treating sunscald.

?Preventing waterlogging.1. Drain and remove waterlogging promptly. Prevent plant death caused by standing water and waterlogging damage. 2. Cultivate promptly. When the field can be worked, cultivate and loosen the soil promptly, break up compaction, improve soil permeability, and promote root development. 3. Topdress promptly. Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and decomposed organic fertilizer liquid are best for topdressing, and care should be taken to apply less; you can also use a 0.3-0.5% urea solution, 2% superphosphate extract, 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, as well as foliar fertilizers such as Pen Shi Bao and amino acids for foliar spraying, to promote plants to resume normal growth and development as quickly as possible and increase vegetable yields. 4. Prevent and control pests and diseases promptly. After flooding, fields have high temperatures and high humidity, suitable for the occurrence of many pests and diseases, so investigate and treat them promptly. 5. Replant other crops promptly. For fields with total crop failure due to flooding, promptly drain surface waterlogging and lower hidden waterlogging, seize the season, and rush-plant fast-growing vegetables or small miscellaneous grains such as mung beans and adzuki beans, to compensate for disaster losses to the greatest extent possible. 6. Strengthen the construction of water conservancy facilities and use water rationally.

?Preventing drought.During the late autumn drought period, attention should be paid to building water conservancy facilities and constructing small water storage ponds to improve the drought resistance of vegetable production bases. For plots with irrigation conditions, existing water sources, drought-resistance tools and facilities should be fully utilized, and water-saving irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation should be adopted for scientific irrigation; flood irrigation is strictly prohibited, and water should be conserved. Scientifically and rationally arrange water resources to ensure the water needs of key vegetables and key periods.

This should start from the following three aspects:

Choose drought-resistant varieties. At this time, autumn-planted leafy vegetables, beans, melons and other vegetables include some varieties with relatively strong drought resistance, and care should be taken in selecting them. Varieties with strong drought resistance can generally extend the time they withstand drought; when the water shortage period is not long, they can quickly return to normal growth through irrigation. In plots that are dry and short of water, reduce the sown area of vegetables with high water demand.

Cover the bed surface appropriately. For open-field summer vegetables not cultivated with bed surface coverage, straw should be used promptly to cover the bed surface, so as to store water and preserve soil moisture, reduce water and nutrient consumption, and promote growth. Growers using greenhouses or small tunnels can use shade netting to reduce direct sunlight, lower temperature, reduce water evaporation, and ensure normal vegetable growth.

Strengthen the construction of water conservancy facilities and use water rationally. Pay attention to building water conservancy facilities and constructing small water storage ponds to improve the drought resistance of vegetable production bases. For plots with irrigation conditions, existing water sources, drought-resistance tools and facilities should be fully utilized, and water-saving irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation should be adopted for scientific irrigation; flood irrigation is strictly prohibited, and water should be conserved. Scientifically and rationally arrange water resources to ensure the water needs of key vegetables and key periods.