Disinfection before sericulture is crucial, do not neglect it
Disinfection work before sericulture is an important guarantee and key link for raising silkworms well. Before each silkworm rearing season, the silkworm room, silkworm tools and the environment used for sericulture must be comprehensively and thoroughly disinfected. The purpose is to kill pathogenic microorganisms, cut off sources of infection, reduce the amount of microbial pathogens present in the sericulture environment to a level that will not cause silkworms to become diseased, control the occurrence of silkworm diseases from the source, and ensure high yields without disease.
1 Scope of disinfection before sericulture
The scope of disinfection before sericulture includes: mulberry handling tools, silkworm tools, mulberry leaves, the silkworm room and its environment, specifically including the rearing room, mulberry storage room, operation room, incubation and newly hatched silkworm collection room, mounting room, courtyard and so on.
2 Preparation before disinfection
2.1 Clean the silkworm room, silkworm tools and surrounding environment First clean the environment around the silkworm room, remove garbage, clear all weeds, unblock drainage ditches, drain sewage and debris, and scrape off the surface soil around areas where silkworm droppings have been piled.
2.2 Do the calculations Do the calculations for the silkworm room area, volume and the amount of chemicals needed for mulberry leaves and silkworm tools. Correctly calculate the total area and volume of silkworm rooms with or without ceilings, so as to correctly prepare and calculate the amount of chemicals used.
3 Order and steps of disinfection of silkworm room and silkworm tools
Move out silkworm tools -> thorough cleaning of the silkworm room -> burn garbage -> rinse and clean the silkworm room -> clean silkworm tools and dry in the sun -> soak silkworm tools for disinfection -> collect and store silkworm tools -> liquid chemical disinfection -> environmental disinfection -> open the silkworm room. In specific operations, the following should be done: "one sweep, two washes, three scrapes, four brushings, five disinfections, six sun-dryings."
Sweep: Sweep the inside and outside clean, destroy garbage in a concentrated manner, and reduce pathogens.
Wash: Rinse the silkworm room, silkworm tools and surrounding environment clean with clear water, so that pathogens are fully exposed.
Scrape: Scrape off the surface layer of the mud floor of the silkworm rearing room and surrounding ground, pile it centrally for composting and use as compost.
Brush: Brush the inside and outside of walls with 20% fresh lime slurry.
Disinfect: Use 1% bleaching powder clarified liquid to disinfect the silkworm room and silkworm tools.
Sun-dry: After exposing all sericulture tools to the sun, take them back and place them on silkworm racks for later use.
4 Physical disinfection
Physical disinfection: one is sunlight disinfection; the other is boiling disinfection. Sunlight disinfection must go through multiple exposures, inside and out, to achieve an auxiliary disinfection effect. Steam disinfection requires the water temperature in the stove to be above 100 degrees C, for more than 30 minutes; best to add 30 ml formalin per cubic meter for a better effect.
5 Chemical disinfection
5.1 Bleaching powder Bleaching powder has a comprehensive disinfection effect and extremely strong bactericidal power, with 25-30% available chlorine. It has killing effects on viral diseases, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and microsporidian pathogens. Store in: a low-temperature, light-protected, dry place.
How to use: Prepare a 1% aqueous solution, use 225 ml per square meter, and disinfect the silkworm room and silkworm tools one week before sericulture. After disinfection, doors and windows must be closed to maintain a moist state for 30 minutes. Disinfected silkworm tools do not need to be washed again; after drying in the sun, they can be used.
5.2 Formalin Formaldehyde has a strong reducing effect and has strong killing ability against pathogens such as blood-type purulent disease, air disease, muscardine disease, aspergillosis and microsporidiosis. However, its disinfection effect on cytoplasmic polyhedrosis midgut-type purulent disease is relatively poor; 1% fresh lime powder can be added to improve the disinfection effect.
How to use: Prepare a mixed solution of 2% or 0.5% lime, with 225 ml of liquid per square meter. Formalin is generally suitable for silkworm rooms, incubation rooms, mounting rooms and so on that can be sealed; rooms that cannot be sealed are not suitable. Before disinfection, they must be carefully cleaned. The room temperature must be maintained at 24 degrees C for at least 5 hours. Doors and windows should be closed for one day and night before opening, and use only after the chemical smell has completely dissipated.
When using formalin for disinfection, attention must be paid: it should be carried out 10 days before sericulture. Because its odor is strongly irritating, use a gas mask as much as possible during disinfection, and cover the mouth and nose with a wet towel to prevent poisoning accidents.
5.3 Lime slurry disinfection Freshly bought lime should be prepared into a 1% disinfectant solution and stirred at all times during disinfection.
For fresh lime disinfection, use a target concentration of 1% for the silkworm room and silkworm tools, 2-3% for the ground and surrounding environment, and 20% for brushing walls. The dosage is 25-30 kg of liquid per silkworm room or per 50 silkworm trays, maintaining a moist state for more than 30 minutes; silkworm trays are best soaked in the liquid for 30 minutes. The lime slurry must be in a turbid state.
5.4 Sulfur disinfection Use 15 g per cubic meter by volume. Before disinfection, the silkworm room and silkworm tools should be humidified. Generally, use 1 kg of sulfur per silkworm room, add an appropriate amount of cypress twigs, close doors and windows for smoke fumigation, and use after the gas has dissipated.
5.5 Yangcanhuan disinfection The target concentration of Yangcanhuan is 1-2%, add 0.5 kg of lime per square meter. He Xiwen