Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Secondary Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunization in Dairy Cattle

Precautions for foot-and-mouth disease immunization; when pregnant cows must be immunized, to reduce adverse reactions to immunization, the vaccine can be administered at multiple points in multiple doses, and vigorous movement of the animals should be avoided.

When injecting foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, attention should be paid to strictly following the vaccine's operating procedures and dosage. Injections should not be given to sick cattle, weak cattle, cows in the 2 months before calving, suckling calves, premature cattle below full term, or cattle that have undergone long-distance transport. After the sick cattle recover, the cows have calved, or the calves have been weaned and returned to normal, supplementary injections should be given according to the prescribed procedures.

Before injection, the vaccine should be fully shaken to mix evenly. The bottle mouth should be disinfected before opening, and the opened vaccine should be used up within 2 hours. Personnel injecting foot-and-mouth disease vaccine must always carry drugs such as epinephrine to prevent allergic reactions.

When injecting the vaccine, make sure it is injected into the muscle, not too shallow. If the injection dose is large, it is best to inject at separate points, using one needle per animal. It should be noted that when injecting foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, other vaccines must not be injected at the same time.