How to solve the continuous cropping obstacle in vegetable fields? Bio-organic fertilizer can effectively overcome it
China is a major vegetable-producing country, but continuous vegetable planting and high-benefit intensive agricultural production have placed a heavy burden on the soil. Soil biological obstacles from continuous cropping emerge one after another, and protected-land soil that has been cultivated for many years can no longer be farmed and needs to be replaced. A large number of studies have shown that the main cause of soil-borne diseases is that allelopathic substances from the root systems of continuously cropped host plants stimulate the massive reproduction of soil-borne pathogenic fungi, while beneficial bacteria and actinomycetes significantly decrease. To overcome and prevent soil biological obstacles from continuous cropping, the fundamental approach is to rebuild a disease-suppressive soil microbial flora through green soil treatment and the addition of exogenous beneficial functional microorganisms, and making the effects of exogenous beneficial functional microorganisms manifest in the soil or rhizosphere (root surface) is the key technology for overcoming and preventing soil-borne diseases. In production, this goal is often achieved by applying bio-organic fertilizer. Bio-organic fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer made by inoculating exogenous functional microorganisms into decomposed compost and amino acid organic carriers for secondary solid fermentation. Its effective functional bacteria must reach 20 million per gram of fertilizer, organic fertilizer 45%, total nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 5%, and moisture less than 30%.
Applying bio-organic fertilizer increases yield and efficiency: In fields where soil-borne diseases have not occurred, persisting in applying bio-organic fertilizer every season can delay the occurrence of soil-borne diseases by 5 to 8 years compared with not applying bio-organic fertilizer, with an average yield increase of more than 20% and an efficiency increase of more than 40%. In fields with mild occurrence of soil-borne diseases (below 5%), applying bio-organic fertilizer gives a control rate of 60% against soil-borne diseases, with an average yield increase of more than 15% and an efficiency increase of more than 35%. In fields with moderate occurrence of soil-borne diseases (5% to 20%), applying bio-organic fertilizer gives a control rate of about 50% against soil-borne diseases, with an average yield increase of more than 10% and an efficiency increase of more than 30%. In fields with severe occurrence of soil-borne diseases (above 20%), first adopt soil treatment, then apply bio-organic fertilizer to achieve a control rate of about 70% against soil-borne diseases, with an average yield increase of more than 50% and an efficiency increase of more than 40%.
Key points of fertilization technology: Bio-organic fertilizer products contain functional bacteria that promote plant growth and antagonize soil-borne pathogenic bacteria, and the functional bacteria have undergone secondary solid fermentation in decomposed compost and amino acid organic carriers. After the functional bacteria are applied to the soil as a base fertilizer, they can multiply in large numbers in the soil with the help of decomposed compost and amino acids, and after the vegetable root system grows, they gradually chemotax to the root surface, using host plant root exudates to form biofilms or dominant communities on the vegetable root surface, thereby promoting vegetable growth and antagonizing soil-borne pathogenic bacteria.
Precautions: First, apply twice, both in the nutrient pot and in the transplanted field, among which the amount used in the nutrient pot is 1%, and the application amount in the transplanted field is 100 kg per mu, preferably by hole application or furrow application; second, persist in continuous application every season; third, determine the application mode according to the different incidence rates of soil-borne diseases. For those fields where soil-borne diseases have already appeared, it is recommended to use a combined method of green soil treatment and bio-organic fertilizer.