Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Pollution Prevention and Control in Livestock and Poultry Farming

Strengthening the prevention and control of environmental pollution from livestock and poultry farming should not simply adopt the systems and measures used for industrial pollution control. The key to pollution prevention and control measures lies in addressing the "root cause," and pollution from livestock and poultry farming should focus on prevention.

I. Improving Farming Methods

Scientifically improving farming methods helps reduce pollution preventively. Nutritional regulation of feed used in the farming process is one way to address the "root cause." Through the scientific configuration of feed nutrients, the biological utilization rate of feed can be improved, thereby reducing organic matter in excrement. Nutritional regulation can be achieved through phase feeding, low-protein diets, application of synthetic amino acids, and use of enzyme preparations to improve nutrient utilization rates.

II. Reasonably Formulating Policies

Compared with improvements in farming methods, the reasonable formulation of policies will play a greater role in the pollution prevention process. Environmental access regulations or standards for farms should be established. For example, setting a minimum separation distance between farms and surrounding residential areas and establishing pollutant discharge standards can help reduce the degree of pollution from livestock and poultry farming.

III. Optimizing Structure

Reasonable layout, limiting farming scale, and optimizing livestock structure are effective measures for preventing livestock and poultry pollution. Taking the United Kingdom as an example, its livestock industry is mainly based on raising cattle, pigs, and poultry. The UK livestock industry does not pursue ultra-large-scale operations, and large dairy farms generally do not exceed 500 head. Because small-scale farming models are mostly adopted, directly applying manure and urine to fertilize fields is the main treatment measure, using specialized fertilizer application vehicles to apply it directly to the fields.