How to prevent and control vegetable pests and diseases? A detailed guide to practical control techniques

1. Fruit vegetables in protected cultivation.

The targets for control are aphids, American serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii), whitefly pests (greenhouse whitefly and tobacco whitefly), downy mildew, gray mold, blight, and viral diseases. The focus is on promoting green control techniques based on regulating greenhouse temperature and humidity, with trapping and killing as well as physical barriers at the core, scientific pesticide use as the key point, and biological control as the breakthrough. Set up trap boards and insect-proof nets, promote the use of biological pesticides, botanical pesticides, and natural insect enemies, and supplement these with health-promoting cultivation practices and smoke machine application techniques.

2. Cruciferous vegetables in open fields.

The main targets for control are diamondback moth, cabbage caterpillar, beet armyworm, aphids, as well as downy mildew, leaf spot, black rot, and soft rot. With agricultural measures as the foundation, priority is given to physical methods such as frequency-vibration insect-killing lamps, color board trapping, and sex pheromone lures, along with the use of biological pesticides for control. In the early stages of pest and disease outbreaks, priority is given to biological pesticides and botanical pesticides. When chemical pesticides are used, choose low-toxicity, low-residue, high-efficiency pesticides. Attention should be paid to the screening of pesticides and the improvement of application methods to enhance control effectiveness and reduce pesticide usage. Scientifically and reasonably rotate and alternate pesticides.

3. Chinese chives in small arch sheds and open fields.

The main targets for control are root maggot soil pests and gray mold. The promotion focuses on control techniques based on applying decomposed fertilizer, with trapping and killing adult insects using sugar-vinegar solution as the breakthrough, and root drenching with low-toxicity chemical pesticides and botanical pesticides as the key point.