Detailed Explanation of Key Points for High-Yield Cultivation Techniques of Eupatorium

I. Site Selection and Land Preparation

Eupatorium has low requirements for the cultivation site. Loam or sandy loam is suitable. Prepare the land before planting, apply sufficient decomposed barnyard manure and other materials as base fertilizer, plow and harrow finely, level the land, and make beds 1.2m wide.

II. Propagation Methods

1. Sexual propagation: After the seeds are harvested, drill sow between March and April, with a row spacing of 30cm. After sowing, cover with soil, press down lightly, and cover with grass and the like. Water thoroughly and keep the soil moist regularly. The sowing rate is 3.75kg per hectare.

2. Asexual propagation: When digging up rhizomes, select white, thick, young and tender rhizomes, cut them into small sections 10-15cm long, dig planting holes at a row spacing of 30-45cm and a plant spacing of 15-20cm, plant 2-3 small sections in each hole, cover with soil 5cm thick, press down lightly, and water thoroughly. Those planted in winter emerge in early spring of the following year, and those planted in spring emerge after 10-12 days. The seed stems used are 375-900kg per hectare.

III. Field Management

After emergence, remove the covering and thin the seedlings in time. When finalizing the seedlings, keep a plant spacing of about 15cm and leave 1-2 strong seedlings at each spot. During the seedling stage, weed and loosen the soil 2-3 times. During the growth period, keep the soil moist. When the seedlings are about 15cm tall, and after the first harvest, topdressing should be carried out, applying decomposed human and livestock manure water, or applying ammonium sulfate at 225kg per hectare. After the winter harvest, soil and miscellaneous manure and decomposed human and livestock manure should be applied to protect the rhizomes for overwintering and promote their sprouting in the coming spring. After 2-3 years of planting, the plants become clustered, and replanting should be carried out.

IV. Pests and Diseases and Their Control

1. Rust disease: Control method: A 1000-fold dilution of 25% triadimefon powder can be used for spray control.

2. Inchworm: The larvae eat the leaves, with the peak period from June to July. A 800-1000-fold dilution of 90% trichlorfon original powder can be used for spray control.

3. Perilla leaf roller: The larvae damage the leaves, with the peak period from July to September.

Control method: Clean the garden, and deeply plow the land after harvest to reduce overwintering pest sources.

V. Harvesting and Processing

In summer and autumn, the stems and leaves grow luxuriantly. Before flowering, harvest the whole aboveground herb. In the south, harvesting begins in early to mid-April, and 2-3 harvests can be made a year. However, for land reserved for digging rhizomes for medicinal use and for use as seed stems, the aboveground part must not be harvested during the growth period. After harvesting, cut into sections and dry in the sun. After the rhizomes are dug up, wash them clean and dry them in the sun or by artificial heat.