Detailed explanation of yam cultivation techniques, beginners can easily learn
Yam is a plant of the genus Dioscorea in the family Dioscoreaceae, an ancient crop used both as medicine and food, with a cultivation history of 2000 years. Its tuberous roots are rich in protein, amino acids, vitamins and starch, etc. It has the effects of strengthening the spleen, consolidating essence, and tonifying the lungs and kidneys. It is a very good medicinal plant used both as food and medicine for treating diabetes, and is cultivated throughout the country.
Yam cultivation techniques
1．Site selection Yam is a deep-rooted crop, requiring deep soil layers, loose soil texture, good drainage, and fertile sandy loam; it has low requirements for climatic conditions and is highly adaptable.
2．Propagation methods Yam has two propagation methods: propagation by root heads and propagation by bulbils. In early April, when the temperature rises to about 15°C, take out the root heads stored in sand, and select thick, intact ones as seed sets. When planting, first open horizontal furrows on the bed surface at a row spacing of 30 cm, with a furrow depth of 10 cm and a width of 20 cm, then place the root heads flat at the bottom of the furrow in the same direction at a plant spacing of 20 cm. After planting, cover with soil 5 cm thick, then cover with a layer of farmyard manure, and then water. Use about 100 kg of seed sets per mu.
3．Field management
(1) Trellising The stems and leaves of yam are vines. When the seedlings grow to 30 cm, set up trellises with bamboo poles according to the row spacing, with a trellis height of 2 m, and guide the stems onto the trellises to facilitate growth.
(2) Weeding and topdressing After the seedlings emerge, weed promptly, generally 3-4 times, by manual weeding, without damaging the seed sets and stems and leaves. When the seedlings are 30-50 cm high, apply topdressing once, with diluted human and animal urine water at about 2000 kg per mu, and some urea can be appropriately added.
(3) Drainage and irrigation Yam is a fleshy tuberous root crop and is afraid of waterlogging. During the rainy season, drainage must be done promptly, and rain must be strictly prevented from overflowing the bed surface, so as to avoid root rot. Yam is drought-tolerant, but in order to increase yield, it should also be properly watered and topdressed during dry seasons.
(4) Pest and disease control Yam mainly requires control of soil-borne pests. When planting, soak the seeds in 1:1:150 Bordeaux mixture for 10 minutes. Then sow, to prevent root rot. Where conditions permit, soil disinfection can be carried out to kill pathogens in the soil as well as cutworms, grubs, etc. The agents can be carbofuran, phoxim, etc. White rust may occur on the aboveground stems and leaves, and spraying the leaves with 500-fold zineb solution 1-3 times is sufficient.
Scan with WeChat for one-click follow
View Chinese medicinal material information anytime, anywhere
Publish medicinal material supply information for free
Get supplier phone numbers with one click
Specially created for friends in the medicine field.