Detailed explanation of high-yield cultivation techniques for Peucedanum praeruptorum, helping you increase production and income

Peucedanum praeruptorum, also known as white-flowered Peucedanum praeruptorum, goutou qianhu, qianhu tou, etc. Its underground root is used as medicine, and it has the effects of resolving phlegm and relieving cough, and dispersing wind-heat. Clinically it mainly treats wind-heat cough, profuse phlegm and asthma, chest and diaphragm fullness and oppression, and other symptoms. It is mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Hunan, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places, mostly wild, with only a small amount cultivated.

Morphological characteristics

1. White-flowered Peucedanum praeruptorum: a perennial herb of the Apiaceae family, about 1 m tall. The root grows straight, conical, with a few branches, covered with short soft hairs, hairless below. Stem leaves have long petioles, with the base enlarged into a sheath clasping the stem; the leaf blade is broadly triangular-ovate, ternate 2-3-pinnately parted; both sides have short soft hairs on the midvein, and the margin has coarse serrations; basal leaves and stem leaves are similar, but the leaf sheath is broad and large. Compound umbels are terminal or lateral, with soft hairs; the umbellule has about 20 flowers, the pedicels are unequal in length, with soft hairs, petals 5, white, broadly ovate to nearly round, stamens 5, ovary inferior. The fruit is ovate-elliptic, with short soft hairs.

2. Purple-flowered Peucedanum praeruptorum: a perennial herb, 1-2 m tall. The root is thick and large, conical, branched. The stem is erect, cylindrical, with linear longitudinal groove lines, smooth, purple, branched in the upper part, covered with soft hairs. Basal leaves have long petioles, with a broad leaf sheath at the base; the leaf blade is firm-papery, triangular broadly ovate, ternate 1-3-pinnately parted, dark green above, greenish-white below, with relatively dense serrations at the margin; the upper stem leaves gradually degenerate, and the purple leaf sheath expands into a hood shape. Compound umbels are terminal and lateral, purple, with soft hairs; petals are ovate, deep purple. The fruit is elliptic.

I. Growth habits

Peucedanum praeruptorum prefers a warm and humid environment. It is cold-tolerant and drought-tolerant, and afraid of waterlogging. Soil requirements: deep soil layer, loose and fertile, sandy loam rich in organic matter is best. Heavy clay, saline-alkali land, and low-lying land are not suitable for planting.

II. Land preparation and fertilization

Choose a field with high terrain and good drainage, and cultivate carefully. Combined with fertilization, apply sufficient base fertilizer: 3000 kg of farmyard manure per mu. 20 kg of urea, 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Then make beds and wait for sowing.

III. Sowing

Peucedanum praeruptorum is propagated by seed. The sowing period is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. Spring sowing is around Qingming, and autumn sowing is before the soil freezes.

Before sowing, first use a drill to open shallow furrows on the prepared bed surface, then evenly scatter the seeds into the furrows, rake flat with a harrow so that the soil covers the seeds. Water to preserve soil moisture, so as to facilitate emergence. The sowing rate is 3 kg per mu.

IV. Field management

After the Peucedanum praeruptorum seedlings are fully emerged, pay attention to intertillage and weeding. If planting on a large scale, before emergence, use herbicide for medicinal fields for soil treatment, which can effectively prevent and control various weeds. Pay attention to watering in dry weather and drain promptly in rainy weather. Around the Beginning of Autumn, topdress once: apply 10 kg of urea, 10 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1000 kg of human feces and urine per mu.

V. Pest and disease control

Peucedanum praeruptorum has relatively few diseases. If found, control them by conventional methods. The main one is powdery mildew. After onset, powdery disease spots appear on the leaf surface, gradually expand, and the leaves turn yellow and wither. Control method: promptly pull out and burn diseased plants, and spray triadimefon for control. The main pest is the armyworm, which can be controlled with pyrethroid pesticides at the early stage of pest damage. Aphids are controlled with mieyajing. Underground pests are trapped and killed with phoxim mixed with poison bait.

VI. Harvest and processing

Peucedanum praeruptorum is generally harvested after the aboveground stems and leaves wither in autumn. First cut off the aboveground stems and leaves, then dig out the underground rhizome, dry it in the sun, and it can be sold as medicine. The yield per mu is 400 kg.