A detailed explanation of Panax notoginseng cultivation techniques, mastering scientific growing methods

1. Site selection and land preparation. For the planting site, choose loam or sandy loam with high, dry terrain and good drainage, a sunny gentle slope (gradient 5 to 15 degrees), or newly broken second-crop wasteland. In autumn, carry out repeated plowing to a depth of about 40 cm, then go through 3 plowings and 3 harrowings so the soil is fully weathered. In places such as Sichuan, before plowing, spread grass on the bed surface and burn it to increase soil nutrients and eliminate pests and diseases. At the same time, disinfect the soil while preparing the land. Then build Panax notoginseng gardens, each with an area of 2 to 3 mu, made rectangular, 20 to 30 m wide and 60 to 70 m long, with 3 to 4 m between each garden, which is good for air circulation and convenient for field management.

2. Erecting a shade shed. Panax notoginseng likes shade, and artificial cultivation requires a shed for shading. The shed height is 1.5-1.8 m, the upright posts are 2-2.3 m long, and are inserted 50 cm into the soil. Set 1 row of posts in the middle of each bed, plant one post every 2 m, and set up side sheds all around, with a garden gate on the windward side that can be opened and closed in upper and lower halves to regulate the humidity inside the shed. The shed materials are obtained locally, generally using wood or cement prefabricated strips as shed columns. Wire is stretched across the top of the shed as crossbeams, then bamboo is woven into squares and laid over the shed top as covering. This is used to regulate the degree of shade or light transmission. Then, apply sufficient base fertilizer, plow and harrow once more, and beds can be made. The beds are 1.3 m wide and 30-40 cm high, and the bed surface is made into a turtle-back shape.

3. Transplanting can be divided into winter planting and spring planting. Winter planting is better. Winter planting uses 1-year-old seedlings, generally transplanted from late November to December, and completed before the dormant buds sprout. First, carefully dig up the seedlings without damaging the roots. Then, grade them into large, medium, and small for planting, which helps ensure uniform emergence and facilitates management. Before planting, cut off the yellow leaves of the seedlings, soak the seeds in 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture for 10-15 minutes, or soak them in 0.3-degree lime sulfur mixture for 10 minutes, take them out, dry them, and then plant. When planting, on the prepared planting land, open holes according to large, medium, and small seedlings respectively at row and plant spacings of: 17×17 cm, 17×13 cm, 13×13 cm, with holes 3 cm deep, and place 1 Panax notoginseng seedling in each hole. Place the buds uniformly downward along the slope at an angle inside the hole. On flat land, horizontal furrows can also be opened on the bed surface, 3 to 5 cm deep, and the seedlings placed evenly and flat in the furrows at a row and plant spacing of 15×15 cm. After planting, cover with fine fertile soil 1.5 cm thick, and finally cover the bed surface with grass, with the thickness such that the soil and fertilizer are not visible; then pour 1 thorough watering. For strip planting, the row and plant spacings are each 15 cm. About 20,000 seedlings are needed per mu.