Detailed explanation of new techniques for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum, the planting method is easy to understand at a glance

Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional fungal medicine in our country. As a traditional Chinese medicine and a tonic for prolonging life, it has a history of a thousand years. The domestic market potential is huge, and the prospects for developing the Ganoderma lucidum production industry are broad.

The short-log cultivation technique for Ganoderma lucidum is introduced as follows:

I. Raw and auxiliary materials for cultivation

Good tree species for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum include species of Fagaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Betulaceae, and other tree species. Generally, for log selection, it is advisable to choose trees with relatively thick bark that does not easily come off, relatively hard wood, little heartwood, well-developed medullary rays, abundant vessels, and a trunk diameter at breast height of 8 cm to 13 cm. Felling should be done in the early leaf-fall period and no later than Awakening of Insects.

II. Selection of cultivation season

Ganoderma lucidum belongs to the high-temperature fruiting fungal group. 10°C to 12°C is the period for making cultivation tubes. After inoculation of short logs, they must be cultured for 60 to 75 days to reach physiological maturity.

III. Setting up the cultivation site

For outdoor cultivation, it is best to choose a site with loose soil, open terrain, a water source, and convenient transportation as the cultivation site. The cultivation site needs a shade shed 2 m to 2.2 m high and 4 m wide. Inside the shed, there are two beds, left and right. The bed surface is 1.5 m wide, and drainage ditches are left along the sides of the beds. If conditions permit, a black shade net can be used to cover the top of the shed, with a shading rate of 65%, so that relatively strong scattered light is formed inside the shed, and the service life can reach more than 3 years.

IV. Filling materials

Use low-pressure polyethylene tubes with a folded diameter of 15 to 24 cm × 55 cm × 0.02 cm. In production, plastic tubes of 3 specifications are mostly selected so as to suit short-log cultivation with different calibers. Insert the cut short logs into the plastic tubes, bring the two ends together, bend them, tie the folded ends with small rope, and fasten tightly. Use plastic tubes 2 to 3 cm larger than the diameter of the logs for bagging. For 30 cm long logs, one segment per bag; for 15 cm long logs, two segments per bag. Several segments can also be tied into a bundle and put into a large bag for sterilization.

V. Sterilization

Then immediately carry out routine atmospheric pressure sterilization at 97°C to 103°C for 10 to 12 hours.

VI. Inoculation

Select varieties with good market suitability, good quality, and high yield as production strains. Currently used strains include G801, G802, G6, G8, and others. The production method is the same as that for wood-rotting fungi, and wood shavings-cottonseed hull formulation spawn is better. When inoculating logs, it is better for the spawn to have slightly higher water content. Pre-select the cooled short-log plastic tubes and fumigate and disinfect them with an aerosol disinfection box. After 30 minutes, discard the outer layer of spawn skin on the surface of the plastic bag and use the double-end inoculation method. With two people working together, one person unties the plastic tying rope, and the other sprinkles spawn broken into the size of peanut kernels near the alcohol flame opening, then immediately seals the opening and ties it tightly. The other end is then inoculated in the same way, and so on. Afterward, stack them in layers on shelf tiers. During the inoculation process, the bag-opening time should be shortened as much as possible, the inoculation amount should be increased, and the cut surface should be sealed to reduce contamination, so that the mycelium spreads rapidly along the wood rays of the short logs.

VII. Culturing

In winter, when the temperature is relatively low, artificial heating should be used to raise it above 20°C. After 15 to 20 days of culturing, the rope can be slightly loosened. Short logs are cultured for 45 to 55 days until the tube is full. After being full, another 15 to 20 days are needed to enter the physiological maturity stage, and only then can they be placed in the field.

VIII. Arranging the field

Place the physiologically mature short logs horizontally and bury them into the bed surface, with a horizontal spacing of 3 cm between logs. This horizontal burying method gives better fruiting results than vertical placement. Finally, cover the whole area with soil to a thickness of 2 to 3 cm. Water heavily for two consecutive days. Every 200 cm, set up low curved arches with bamboo strips, 15 cm above the ground, cover with plastic film, and leave the two ends slightly open. The soil moisture of the buried soil is 20% to 22%, and the relative air humidity is about 90%.