What are the suitable cultivation methods for high-quality apples?

(1) Main improved varieties

Early-maturing: Fujimaki No. 1, New Gala, Senshu.

Mid-to-late-maturing: Red Delicious series (10th generation), Red King Will, Shinsekai, New Jonagold.

Late-maturing: Short-branch Fuji superior lines (No. 1-3), Yanfu superior lines (No. 1-6).

(2) Cultivation methods

1. Standard-rootstock spur-type high-density planting. Use Malus robusta (eight-rib crabapple), Malus micromalus (Sichuan crabapple), Malus honanensis (Henan crabapple), etc. as rootstocks, and graft excellent spur-type varieties onto them. The planting density for orchard establishment is generally 3x4; 2x4; 3x5.

2. Dwarfing-rootstock high-density planting. Dwarfing interstock: use Malus robusta (eight-rib crabapple) as the base rootstock, with M7, M26 and M9 as the main interstocks, and graft excellent varieties such as Yanfu superior lines and Short-branch Fuji superior lines onto them. Dwarfing own-root rootstock: grafting excellent varieties onto own-root rootstocks has a good dwarfing effect, with M26 and MM106 being the best, followed by M7; graft excellent varieties onto them, generally Yanfu No. 1-5 or other standard-canopy varieties.