Correct Methods and Technical Key Points for Oral Administration of Drugs to Cattle and Sheep Diseases

I. Drug Administration for Cattle Diseases

1. Administration with a Rubber Bottle

After securing the cow properly, mix the drug evenly with water and pour it into a rubber bottle. The administrator holds the bottle in one hand and lifts the cow's head with a nose clamp in the other hand. Press the bottle mouth against the corner of the cow's mouth and push slightly inward; the cow will then open its mouth. Insert the bottle to the middle of the tongue and slowly pour the medicinal liquid in. When the cow shows signs of coughing, immediately lower its head.

2. Administration with a Stomach Tube

After securing the cow properly, the administrator stands on one side of the cow's head. With the thumb and index finger of one hand, pinch the inner side of the nostril on the opposite side. With the other hand, take the administration tube with its front end coated in oil (no washing water should remain in the tube), insert it into the cow's nostril extending downward and inward. When it reaches the pharynx, take advantage of the cow's swallowing motion to extend it into the pharynx. After confirming insertion into the esophagus, attach a funnel and pour in the medicinal liquid. Finally, use a rubber bulb to blow the residual medicinal liquid in the tube into the esophagus, then slowly withdraw the administration tube. Be careful not to use an overly thick rubber tube.

II. Drug Administration for Sheep Diseases

1. Administration with a Rubber Bulb: Draw the drug into a rubber bulb. Hold the bulb in one hand and support the sheep's lower jaw with the other. Insert the bulb nozzle into the mouth from the corner of the mouth and slowly squeeze the bulb to administer. This method is suitable for administering small amounts of non-irritating drugs.

2. Administration with a Thin Rubber Tube: Use a rubber tube as thick as a bean or a size 22 human nasal feeding tube. Because the sheep's nostrils are relatively small, pinching the nose to secure it would obstruct breathing. Therefore, support and hold the lower jaw with one hand to prevent the mouth and nose from shaking, and with the other hand insert the rubber tube through the nose into the esophagus and pour in the medicinal liquid. If there is no small funnel, draw the medicinal liquid into a small rubber bulb or a large syringe, attach it to the administration tube, and inject.