Organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer pilot program announced, things to know about application precautions early
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In China, the organic fertilizer industry is still in its early stage of development. In 2017, the whole country will select 100 key counties (cities, districts) with prominent advantages in fruit, vegetable and tea planting, guaranteed organic fertilizer resources, mature organic fertilizer application technology models, a certain foundation for industrial development, and local enthusiasm to carry out organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer demonstrations, with a total investment of 1 billion yuan. Although China's organic fertilizer industry has problems such as small enterprise scale, backward technology and processes, difficult quality assurance, and insufficient market demand.But the organic fertilizer industry is a sunrise industry, and its development prospects are very broad.
Approved pilot counties for organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer in various provinces and cities
Hunan Province
Yizhang County
Hebei Province
Fruit tree demonstration counties: Xingtai County, Zunhua City, Funing District of Qinhuangdao City.
Vegetable demonstration counties: Gaocheng District of Shijiazhuang City, Qingxian County, Yongqing County, Zhuozhou City, Guantao County, Pingquan County, Luannan County.
Guangdong Province
Lianjiang City of Zhanjiang, Huidong County of Huizhou, Meixian District of Meizhou City, Longmen County of Huizhou City
Gansu Province
Zhuanglang County of Pingliang City, Li County of Longnan City, Maiji District of Tianshui City, Qingcheng County of Qingyang City applied for the 2017 apple organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer project
Guangxi Province
Yongfu County, Pingle County, Cangwu County, Rong'an County and 4 other counties were selected.
Anhui Province
Jinzhai County, Qimen County, Tongcheng City, Shitai County and 4 other (cities) are tea organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer demonstration counties, and Huaiyuan County is a vegetable organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer demonstration county
Shanxi Province
Linyi County, Wanrong County, Pinglu County, Qingxu County, Yicheng County, a total of 5 demonstration counties, among which Linyi County, Wanrong County, Pinglu County, Yicheng County are apple demonstration counties, and Qingxu County is a protected vegetable demonstration county.
Hubei Province
Dangyang, Yidu, Zigui, Xianfeng, Yunyang, Dongbao and 6 counties were selected.
How much chemical fertilizer is 1 ton of organic fertilizer equivalent to?
1 ton of human feces and urineEquivalent to 25-40 kg of ammonium sulfate, 13-25 kg of superphosphate, 4-6 kg of potassium sulfate.1 ton of pig manure and urineEquivalent to 17 kg of ammonium sulfate, 21 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of potassium sulfate.
1 ton of cow manureEquivalent to 16 kg of ammonium sulfate, 16 kg of superphosphate, 3 kg of potassium sulfate.1 ton of horse manureEquivalent to 28 kg of ammonium sulfate, 19 kg of superphosphate, 5 kg of potassium sulfate.
1 ton of sheep manureEquivalent to 33 kg of ammonium sulfate, 31 kg of superphosphate, 5 kg of potassium sulfate.1 ton of chicken and duck manureEquivalent to 55-82 kg of ammonium sulfate, 88-96 kg of superphosphate, 12-17 kg of potassium sulfate.
1 ton of rabbit manureEquivalent to 86 kg of ammonium sulfate, 184 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate.1 ton of pig barnyard manureEquivalent to 23 kg of ammonium sulfate, 12 kg of superphosphate, 12 kg of potassium sulfate.
1 ton of cow barnyard manureEquivalent to 17 kg of ammonium sulfate, 10 kg of superphosphate, 8 kg of potassium sulfate.1 ton of ordinary compostEquivalent to 20-25 kg of ammonium sulfate, 11-16 kg of superphosphate, 9-14 kg of potassium sulfate.
1 ton of plant ashEquivalent to 219 kg of superphosphate, 150 kg of potassium sulfate.
With so much manure and sewage, how can organic fertilizer turn manure into treasure?
According to relevant statistics, in 2016 China produced about 5.5 billion tons of livestock and poultry manure pollutants each year, which is 4.6 times that of industrial organic pollutants. By around 2020, this figure will grow to about 10 billion tons per year. How can manure be turned into treasure? Under the dividends of national policies, organic fertilizer has become the best choice!
To promote and apply organic fertilizer, farmers' enthusiasm must be stimulated.By strengthening policy support, implementing agricultural subsidy policies oriented toward green ecology, and encouraging farmers to apply more organic fertilizer. Adopt the method of social purchasing services, support socialized service organizations, and carry out services such as organic fertilizer accumulation, transportation, and application. Study and issue preferential policies on land use, electricity, credit, and taxation that support the production and application of organic fertilizer, and open up the cycle between planting and breeding; strengthen the demonstration and driving role, focus on supporting new business entities such as large planting and breeding households, farmer cooperatives, and leading enterprises, and concentrate on building demonstration plots with highlights and appeal.
To promote and apply organic fertilizer, technology is the difficulty.Agricultural departments at all levels can organize teaching, research, and extension departments to carry out joint research, integrate a batch of key technologies such as the fertilizer utilization of livestock and poultry manure and organic fertilizer application, formulate technical specifications and standards such as harmless treatment and compost returning to fields, and strengthen guidance and services for farmers.
Application of organic fertilizer and precautions
Some organic fertilizers do have quite good effects, while some organic fertilizers, due to substandard quality and misleading publicity, fail to show their effects during the planting process. In individual cases, there may also be yield reduction and seedling burn, inability to spray and apply as topdressing, some heat up or even stink when applied to the field, some attract various harmful organisms, and some directly cause problems such as crop wilting and death. Why do the above phenomena occur? It is very likely that the method of use is wrong!
A brief introduction to several incorrect methods of use.
1. Topdressing
Users treat organic fertilizer as chemical fertilizer for topdressing, but fail to cover it with soil in time. The fertilizer remains only on the soil surface and cannot fully contact the soil, so it cannot improve the soil.
The best way to use organic fertilizer is to combine it with inorganic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, preferably mixed with soil, but at the very least (organic fertilizer) must not be left exposed on the soil surface, such as by furrow application or hole application.
2. Direct contact between organic fertilizer and crops
Some users worry that the fertilizer effect is insufficient, or want quick results, so they bring organic fertilizer into direct contact with crops when using it. The consequence is severe seedling burn and even dead plants!
3. Direct use of fresh manure
Applying fresh manure is just like a manufacturer selling users immature organic fertilizer, but if problems arise, they will be even more serious.
Application of organic fertilizer and precautions
1. It should be applied under sufficient soil moisture and suitable temperature.