What is the symbolic meaning and significance of chrysanthemums?

I. Flower Language

Different chrysanthemums have different flower languages. The flower language of the spring chrysanthemum is divination for love, the winter chrysanthemum means parting, and the yellow chrysanthemum means rapid advancement to wealth and success. The white chrysanthemum means mourning and true sincerity, the wealth chrysanthemum means wealth and glory, and the African chrysanthemum (Gerbera) means mystery, excitement, and perseverance. Special attention must be paid to the meaning when giving chrysanthemums to others, because white chrysanthemums are often used to mourn the deceased, so misunderstandings should be avoided.

II. Chinese Tradition

1. Noble character: In traditional Chinese culture, starting with Tao Yuanming, the chrysanthemum was endowed with the integrity of being resilient and unyielding, aloof and pure as ice, so it has the laudatory title of being one of the Four Gentlemen among flowers.

2. Auspiciousness and longevity: In addition, the Double Ninth Festival on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month coincides with the chrysanthemum blooming in the ninth lunar month, carrying the meaning of auspiciousness and longevity.

III. Foreign Culture

1. The white chrysanthemum is associated with the Roman Pope, so its flower language carries the meaning of nobility and truth, and it is generally believed that this flower has a refined and outstanding temperament.

2. In Japan, because the family emblem of the Japanese imperial household is the chrysanthemum, the chrysanthemum holds a very high status in their country. It represents a longing for beauty, freedom, and nature, and Japanese people use chrysanthemums when visiting graves, worshipping ancestors, and even during the New Year.