Visiting Mr. Han Xuenian's private bonsai garden

The mountain pine is naturally a conifer of the pine family, growing wild across countless mountains and seen everywhere.

How can the "spirit of the pine and character of the pine" be expressed in the art of bonsai?

This is a profound and abstract question.

The maker can understand it on both the outer and inner levels, so his works carry a deep inner meaning that leaves one with endless afterthought.

The so-called outer level refers to the external form of the mountain pine bonsai (including its styling).

It is intuitive perceptual understanding; first, it must not be a copy of another;

second, it must have its own distinctive features; third, it must express the character of the mountain pine.