A detailed guide to using pyraclostrobin on vegetables

As one of the important strobilurin fungicides, since pyraclostrobin was launched on the market, its broad fungicidal spectrum, wide range of target pathogens, strong immunity, ability to enhance crop stress resistance, promote crop growth, and resist agingall these functions of the fungicide have been verified and recognized by most users.

The reason pyraclostrobin has attracted industry attention is fundamentally due to its excellent application performance. But no matter how good a pesticide is, if you don't know how to use it, it's a waste!

Today I will mainly sort out the issues regarding the use of pyraclostrobin.

1Pyraclostrobin: which is better, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension concentrate, or powder?

Overall, each has its own differences.

(1) Powder

It drifts during processing and use, causing environmental pollution. This is the biggest problem with powder formulations.

(2) Emulsifiable concentrate

Originally toluene and xylene were used, but the state now does not encourage the registration of emulsifiable concentrates, so microemulsions, emulsion in water, or vegetable oil substitutes began to be used. It is a relatively backward formulation, but some products must be made as emulsifiable concentrates.

(3) Suspension concentrate

Suspension concentrates are more advanced. The suspension concentrate process is relatively strict and the processing cost is also high, but the state is not very stable, and layering may occur after long-term storage.

2What is the relationship between pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin, and kresoxim-methyl?

Kresoxim-methyl, azoxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin are called the three brothers among fungicides. They are all strobilurin substances. Strobilurin fungicides are a new class of fungicides developed with natural strobilurin antibiotics as lead compounds.

In agricultural application, they show manycommon characteristics:

(1) Unique mechanism of action.

They are all mitochondrial respiration inhibitors of pathogenic fungi, and are effective against strains that have developed resistance to sterol inhibitors (such as triazoles), phenylamides, dicarboxamides, and benzimidazoles.

(2) Broad fungicidal spectrum.

They show good activity against almost all fungal diseases (Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Oomycetes, and Deuteromycetes), such as wheat powdery mildew, leaf blight, red blotch, net blotch, and black chaff, rice blast and sheath blight, as well as downy mildew and late blight, and are even more important for the control of late blight.

(3) They have protective and therapeutic effects, and good penetrating and systemic activity, and can be used by stem and leaf spraying, water surface application, seed treatment, and other methods.

(4) Highly selective

Safe to crops, humans, livestock, and beneficial organisms, with basically no pollution to the environment.

Differences:

(1) Azoxystrobin

Very broad fungicidal spectrum, effective against most pathogens among Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, and Oomycetes.

(2) Kresoxim-methyl

Its fungicidal spectrum is not as broad as azoxystrobin, but it has special effects on powdery mildew and other diseases.

(3) Pyraclostrobin

It has relatively the strongest antifungal activity, with a strong ability to inhibit pathogen spore germination, and has significant antifungal activity against plant pathogens such as Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, and Oomycetes, and also has potential therapeutic activity, and can be used to control fungal diseases of many crops. Pyraclostrobin has strong translocation activity within plants, can improve crop physiological functions, and enhance crop stress resistance.

These three compounds all have protective, therapeutic, and eradicant effects.The biggest differenceis that kresoxim-methyl has somewhat poorer mobility than the other two,pyraclostrobin has somewhat higher activity than the first two, and azoxystrobin has somewhat stronger penetration.

3What diseases does pyraclostrobin control?

Pyraclostrobin can be used on wheat, peanuts, rice, vegetables, fruit trees, tobacco, tea plants, ornamental plants, turfand various other crops。

to control leaf blight, rust, powdery mildew, downy mildew, late blight, anthracnose, scab, brown spot, and damping-offand many other diseases。

caused by Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, and Oomycetes fungi. It has good control effects on cucumber powdery mildew, downy mildew, banana black spot, leaf spot, grape downy mildew, anthracnose, powdery mildew, and early blight, late blight, powdery mildew, and leaf blight of tomato and potatowith good control effects。

Usage and dosage of pyraclostrobin on various crops

Taking 20% pyraclostrobin wettable powder as an example

Note:For pesticides with different active ingredient contents, the dosage differs. Be sure to refer to the instructions on the pesticide packaging or consult the specific product manufacturer.

4 How much water to add?

(1) How many jin of water for 100g?

It can be mixed with 300 jin of water.

(2) Is it OK to use 20 grams per bucket of water?

If used on crops such as wheat and rice, there is no problem, but when used on sensitive crops such as strawberries, it may cause phytotoxicity. Therefore, 10 g to 15 g per bucket of water is a relatively safe dosage.

5Legume crops

(1) Pyraclostrobin has good control effects on the main legume diseases such as bean leaf spot, rust, and anthracnose.

(2) Pyraclostrobin can effectively control peanut brown spot, black spot, snake eye disease, rust, and scab. In addition, it also has good control effects on peanut southern blight.

6 How to use it on strawberries?

What should be noted when using pyraclostrobin on strawberries in protected cultivation? What diseases does it mainly control? Strawberries have a long flowering period. Does it affect flowers and bees?

As a broad-spectrum fungicide, it is mainly used for prevention, mainly preventing powdery mildew, downy mildew, leaf spot, etc. In the early stage, use pyraclostrobin preventively before disease occurs, and in the later stage, when using it, pair it with something, for example, for downy mildew, it can be paired with dimethomorph, carbendazim, or similar, or used alternately.

Experiments have shown that below 25 milliliters per watering can it is safe for bees during the flowering period, but care should also be taken to avoid application at high and low temperatures, otherwise phytotoxicity may occur, and it cannot be mixed with copper preparations and the like.

7 What diseases can pyraclostrobin control on chives?

Pyraclostrobin has a good preventive effect on fungal diseases such as powdery mildew.

8 How to use it on watermelon?

It can be used in the early stage to prevent gummy stem blight, and in the middle and late stages for anthracnose, gummy stem blight, etc. According to local conditions, it can be used once or twice for early prevention, and in the later stage for treatment it can be compounded to treat downy mildew, late blight, etc.

9 How to use it on cucumber?

The effect on cucumber is very good: it prevents downy mildew, powdery mildew, anthracnose, and spot-type diseases, increases chlorophyll content, increases photosynthesis, reduces plant respiration, and improves crop stress resistance.

Note: timing of use

(1) The timing of use of this class of fungicides must be early, using them as protective agents to prevent diseases, or before sowing, after emergence, or at transplanting, etc.Applying the pesticide at the early stage of disease occurrence can better bring out the advantages of the agent。

（2）Pyraclostrobinis known for its preventive effect and long duration, while its quick effect is still somewhat insufficient compared with other targeted fungicides. It is best to use it in combination with other fungicides or use a compounded formulation.

(3) Pyraclostrobin has a relatively single site of action, so resistance develops relatively quickly. When using it, the number of applications must be controlled to avoid accelerating the development of resistance.

(4) Its strong penetration allows pyraclostrobin to have good affinity with the leaf surface, greatly improving the preventive effect and duration, but attention must be paid to the occurrence of phytotoxicity. Especially during the seedling and nursery stage of crops, when crops grow vigorously and under high temperature and high humidity conditions, using too high a concentration of pyraclostrobin carries a certain risk of phytotoxicity.

(5) Pyraclostrobin has strong growth-promoting and anti-aging effects, but while resisting aging, it can easily delay maturity and color change, so it is best not to use it during the color-changing period of crops. For example, on tomatoes, using it in the early stage may not cause problems, but using it in the later stage may delay tomato color change, so they never turn red. Therefore, the timing of use is very important.

Mixing issues:

10 May I ask, when mixing pyraclostrobin with other agents, is there anything to note?

Try not to mix it with alkaline fungicides, and do not mix it with organosilicon, first because it is a waste, and second because it easily causes phytotoxicity. When mixing with other agents, pay attention to the concentration and do a good trial.

11 What should be noted when mixing pyraclostrobin with foliar fertilizer? And with seaweed acid?

First: dissolve the foliar fertilizer first, then pour in pyraclostrobin, then pour in the other things.

12 To improve efficacy, can organosilicon be added to pyraclostrobin?

Pyraclostrobin itself has high penetration, so adding organosilicon is not recommended.

13 Can pyraclostrobin be mixed with brassinolide?

It can be mixed, but it is best to dilute each separately twice before mixing.

14 Can pyraclostrobin be used together with peracetic acid?

Oxidizing pesticides such as potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, and chlorine-bromine types are all not recommended for mixing.

15 When pyraclostrobin is compounded with triazole fungicides, can the efficacy be improved?

Compounding with triazole fungicides has a very good effect and improves efficacy. Pyraclostrobin's systemic translocation is not as strong as azoxystrobin, but it has good penetration.

Phytotoxicity and other issues:

16 Is powder formulation prone to causing phytotoxicity?

Pyraclostrobin powder will not cause phytotoxicity. Let me explain how phytotoxicity is caused. If you have used mancozeb powder, you should know that it is relatively likely to cause phytotoxicity. Many companies, in pursuit of cheapness, like to use the large-bag type on fruit trees. Mancozeb must be in a complexed state. If it is not in a complexed state, it easily releases the manganese ions too early, and then the powder formulation cannot meet the requirements and phytotoxicity is likely to occur.

Our pyraclostrobin, under reasonable dilution ratios, generally will not show phytotoxicity.However, if there have been prior cases of pyraclostrobin phytotoxicity in the local area, it is recommended to conduct a trial first.

17 Will mixing with 920 gibberellin cause phytotoxicity?

Under normal circumstances it will not cause phytotoxicity, unless it depends on which crop you are using it on. For example:

On grapes, mixing with 920 gibberellin may cause phytotoxicity, not because of pyraclostrobin, but because the powder will adsorb the surrounding pesticide together, causing the local concentration to increase and resulting in phytotoxicity. However, this requires actual operation; most cases are caused by everyone casually increasing the dosage.

18 If used as a health product, can it be used multiple times?

It cannot be used multiple times. Although it has a health-care effect, using it too many times will still cause resistance.

19What should be done so that pyraclostrobin can maintain its vitality?

First, you must have a correct understanding of pyraclostrobin. It is a good ingredient, but it is by no means omnipotent. A product placed in the right position is a good product.

As a fungicide, strengtheningthe protective and immune agentfunctions is far more important than strengthening the therapeutic agent function.

As a growth-promoting function, strengtheningyoungfruit-stage fruit enlargementis more important than strengthening rapid fruit enlargement.

As a function for increasing yield and income of field crops, strengthening and increasingeffective panicles(pods) is more important than increasing grain number per panicle.

As a stress-resistance function, strengtheningpreventionis more important than remediation.

As a crop health-care function, synergistic use withfertilizersis especially important.

As a strobilurin fungicide,it is better to use less than to use too much.

As promoters, we must return to the crop and do a good job in positioning the segmented market.

For example, a single-agent pyraclostrobin can be positioned in improving the quality of melons, fruits, and vegetables; a compound formulation with triazole compounds can be positioned in the therapeutic aspect of diseases; a compound with protective compounds can be promoted as a protective agent, etc., exploring more and more accurate methods of use to bring out the greater value of pyraclostrobin.