Analysis of the hereditary and congenital characteristics of bronchiectasis

Heredity and congenital factors are actually two manifestations of cause and effect. Of course, among all the causes of bronchiectasis - infection, ciliary abnormalities, heredity, immune deficiency, foreign body aspiration and so on - the proportion of cases caused by heredity is extremely small, but an in-depth analysis of the hereditary and congenital aspects of bronchial asthma alone offers plenty to discuss.

Bronchiectasis and Marfan syndrome

Congenital bronchiectasis manifests because congenital bronchial defects are present, including hereditary cystic fibrosis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, yellow nail syndrome, pulmonary sequestration and others; it may also be congenital mucociliary clearance dysfunction, such as primary ciliary dyskinesia. It may also be due to weak connective tissue development in the congenital and hereditary constitution, or the presence of Marfan syndrome and the like in the heredity.

Let us approach it from Marfan syndrome: the physical manifestations include long, thin limbs, an arm span greater than the body height when the arms are stretched out horizontally, and arachnodactyly of the fingers or toes. When hanging down, the upper body is longer than the lower body. There are also a long malformed head, a narrow face, a high-arched palate, large and low-set ears, little fat, underdeveloped muscles, and wrinkles on the skin of the chest, abdomen and arms. Because of low muscle tone, an asthenic constitution is present, or there may be pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum, kyphosis or scoliosis, spina bifida and so on.

Bronchiectasis and congenital cataracts

In terms of the eyes and the cardiovascular system, people with Marfan syndrome also differ, and may develop lens dislocation or subluxation, high myopia, cataracts, retinal detachment, iridodonesis and so on, and this phenomenon is more common in men than in women. In terms of the cardiovascular system, 80% of cases of congenital bronchiectasis involve congenital cardiovascular malformations, commonly progressive dilation of the aorta, aortic insufficiency and the like.