Which chestnut varieties are suitable for cultivation in northern Guangdong?

To develop chestnut production in Guangdong, the first step is to select excellent varieties from the province itself and neighboring provinces and regions. Introducing varieties from distant places, especially from north of the Yangtze River, should only be done for production cultivation after years of multi-site trials have proven successful.

1. Nongda No. 1 chestnut

Nongda No. 1 chestnut is a new early-maturing, dwarfed, high-yielding and stable-yielding chestnut variety bred by South China Agricultural University using the new technique of fast neutron radiation mutagenesis, selected through 16 years of experimental research. It has already been promoted in various parts of Guangdong and in parts of Guangxi and Jiangxi, where it has performed well. In the Guangzhou urban area, this variety flowers in mid-May and begins to mature in mid-to-late August, making it one of the earliest-maturing varieties in the country. The single nut weighs 13 grams, and the flesh is tender and sweetly fragrant. Because the branches are short and thick, and the fruit is harvested early, the branches accumulate more nutrients, so it has a strong ability to bear fruit continuously, with fewer male flowers and more female flowers, a high fruit-setting rate, and high and stable yields. Because the tree is dwarfed and the canopy is compact, it is suitable for close planting and easy to manage, making it an excellent variety with good overall traits that can be planted throughout the province.

2. Heyuan oil chestnut

Heyuan oil chestnut is mainly produced in Dongyuan County, Heyuan City, and is cultivated in neighboring counties as well. The single nut weighs about 14 grams, and the flesh is tender and sweetly fragrant, with excellent quality. It matures locally in late September. It is high-yielding and suitable for cultivation in the hilly and mountainous areas of eastern Guangdong.

3. Fengkai oil chestnut

Fengkai oil chestnut originated in Changgang Town, Fengkai County, and has a cultivation history of 500 years; it is also cultivated in neighboring counties. The single nut of this variety weighs about 15 grams, the shell is thin, reddish-brown, and glossy, and the flesh is egg-yellow, aromatic, and of excellent quality. It matures locally in late September. It is suitable for cultivation in the hilly and mountainous areas of western Guangdong.

4. Shaoli No. 18

Shaoli No. 18 was selected in 1974 by the Shaoguan City Forestry Science Research Institute from excellent seedling-derived clonal lines and passed provincial appraisal, and was once vigorously promoted within the province and in Jiangxi and other places. However, because pollinating varieties were neglected in the supporting cultivation techniques, the phenomenon of empty burs became especially serious. The single nut of this variety weighs about 11 grams, the shell is reddish-brown, smooth and glossy, the texture is glutinous, and the taste is sweet, with excellent quality. It matures locally in early September.

5. Jiujiazhong

Jiujiazhong originated in Dongting Mountain, Wu County, Jiangsu, and is the main locally planted variety there and one of the province's best varieties; it gets its name from the saying that "nine out of ten households plant it." The single nut of this variety weighs 12 grams, and the flesh is sweet and glutinous, with good quality. It matures locally in late September. Multi-site trial plantings in Guangxi have all performed well, and it matures there in late August. The tree is relatively small, suitable for close planting, high-yielding, and highly adaptable; it can be trial-planted in northern Guangdong.

6. Large-fruited black-skinned chestnut

The large-fruited black-skinned chestnut is one of the excellent varieties commonly cultivated in Guangxi. The single nut weighs 18-19 grams, the shell is black, and the tree is vigorous, high-yielding, and stable-yielding. It matures locally in early to mid-October. It can be introduced and trial-planted in various places.

7. Talisu

Talisu originated in Shaoyang and other places in Hunan Province, and in recent years it has performed well when introduced in Guangdong, Guangxi, and other places. The single nut of this variety weighs 13 grams, with excellent quality. It matures locally in late September. The tree is relatively short, the canopy is compact, and its branching ability and continuous fruiting ability are strong, making it relatively high-yielding and stable-yielding; it can be actively introduced and trial-planted in northern Guangdong. In addition, the Gannong-77 series of chestnut varieties bred and promoted by Jiangxi Agricultural University can be trial-planted in northern Guangdong.

In summary, these varieties are the chestnut varieties relatively suitable for cultivation in northern Guangdong. Farmers in these areas can refer to them more, and we hope this can help everyone.

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