Introduction to Common Onion Varieties and Detailed Explanation of Seedling Raising Methods

Onion is a seasoning for stir-frying in our daily life, and it is a typical biennial plant. The maturity time of different onion varieties also varies greatly. For different onion varieties, seedling raising techniques have a great impact on high quality and high yield. So what common varieties of onion are there? What are the seedling raising methods? Let's take a look together with the editor below.

1. What common varieties of onion are there?

1. Purple Ball Onion

A red-skinned variety, mid-to-late maturing. It was bred by the Vegetable Research Institute of Nanjiao District, Datong City, Shanxi Province. It is characterized by strong stress resistance, high quality and good storage tolerance. It is an excellent variety mainly promoted in the cold high-altitude areas of northern Shanxi, suitable for spring sowing and autumn harvest. The plant grows vigorously, the leaves are dark green, the outer skin of the bulb is purplish red, and the inner fleshy scales are white with a purple tinge. The mass of a single bulb is 200-300, and the general yield is 3500-4500 kg/mu, with a high yield reaching 5000 kg/mu.

2. Tall-Stem Red Skin

A red-skinned variety, bred by the Vegetable Research Institute of the Shaanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The plant is robust, the leaf color is dark green with wax powder, the longitudinal diameter of the bulb is 7-8 cm, the transverse diameter is 9-10 cm, the outer skin is purplish red, and the inner fleshy scales are white with a purple tinge. The mass of a single bulb is 200-300. This variety is mid-to-late maturing, has relatively high requirements for water and fertilizer conditions, has few tillers, and has relatively high cold resistance. Under normal circumstances, the yield per mu is 3500-4000 kg.

3. No. 13 Round Onion

A yellow-skinned variety, bred by the Vegetable Research Institute of Laiyang City, Shandong Province. The plant grows vigorously, with 8-9 tubular leaves. The leaves are upright and green. The bulb is spherical, 8-10 cm in diameter, with smooth yellow outer skin and white slightly yellow fleshy scales. The mass of a single bulb is 300-350. The bulb tissue is dense, the taste is sweet with a slight spiciness, and the quality is good. It is suitable for raw and cooked consumption. This variety is mid-to-late maturing, has strong disease resistance, and is suitable for planting in various parts of the north. The yield per mu is 4000-6000 kg.

4. Xiongyue Round Onion

A yellow-skinned variety, bred by Liaoning Provincial Agricultural College. The plant grows vigorously, with 8-9 leaves, dark green, and wax powder on the leaf surface. The bulb is oblate, with a longitudinal diameter of 4-6 cm and a transverse diameter of 6-8 cm. The outer skin of the bulb is light yellow, and the interior is milky white. The mass of a single bulb is 150-200. It is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, heat-tolerant, disease-resistant, and salt-alkali tolerant, and is not prone to bolting. Under normal circumstances, the yield is 3000-4000 kg/mu.

2. What are the seedling raising methods for onion?

1. Choose Excellent Seeds

Before raising seedlings, first choose an excellent onion variety. An excellent seed has a very great relationship with the later growth and yield of the onion. Therefore, the selection of varieties is very important. When planting, we should pay attention to choosing varieties with strong growth, high yield and strong disease resistance. The main varieties currently on the market are purple-skinned onions such as Ziyu and New Red Star, and the yields of these onions are relatively high.

2. Seedbed Preparation

Before raising seedlings, prepare the seedbed. The seedbed soil must ensure sufficient fertility, be deep and soft, and have strong water and fertilizer retention, and must not have grown crops of the same family within at least two years. Control the area of the seedling bed, then plow the soil deeply, with the deep plowing depth controlled at about 25-30 cm. Then apply sufficient base fertilizer in combination, mainly decomposed farmyard manure and compound fertilizer. Mix the fertilizer thoroughly with the soil to improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer. Finally, make beds and water them, then wait for sowing.

3. Sow at the Right Time

The sowing time is closely related to the growth of the seedlings and will directly affect the yield and quality of the onion. If sown too early, it will prolong the growth period of the seedlings, leading to excessive nutrient consumption and excessive absorption, making the seedlings prone to bolting. If sown too late, the resistance of the seedlings decreases, and the cold tolerance is insufficient, making them prone to freezing damage and dead seedlings during overwintering. Therefore, when sowing, pay attention to the sowing time. The specific sowing time is determined by various factors such as the planting area, variety and weather changes. For example, in the central-southern region, sowing is generally carried out about 3 days after White Dew. After sowing, cover with fine soil, then use an appropriate amount of herbicide to do a good job in weed control.

4. Seedling Stage Management

After sowing, cover with rice straw to improve the soil's moisture and heat retention capacity, properly protect against rain, and then keep the soil moist before the seedlings emerge from the soil. When about 65% of the seedlings have emerged, the rice straw can be uncovered, and then water appropriately according to weather changes to prevent soil compaction from affecting seedling growth. Then apply topdressing reasonably, and cultivate the seedlings through water and fertilizer management. When managing the seedlings, it is necessary both to prevent the seedlings from growing too large and causing early bolting, and to prevent the seedlings from being too weak and reducing their resistance. Then, when the seedlings have grown about 4 true leaves and the plant is about 22 cm, they can be transplanted.

The above is an introduction to onion. Our country now has a very large area planted with onions, and its planting techniques are relatively mature. However, when planting onions, seedling raising and transplanting are usually the main method. Seedling raising and transplanting can improve the growth ability of seedlings, increase yield, and improve quality.

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