What are the seed selection and seedling-raising methods for peas?
Peas are one of the main varieties of legume plants in China today, and also a very common legume vegetable on ordinary people's dining tables. There are many ways to prepare peas, and they also have dietary therapeutic value such as promoting salivation and quenching thirst, cleansing the stomach and intestines, and inducing diuresis. The key point is that their cultivation history is long, and basically wherever there is a vegetable planting area, peas can be seen. So how are peas selected for seed? What are the seedling-raising methods? Let's find out together.
How are peas selected for seed?
Seed selection must be meticulous, and the seeds should have characteristics such as being large, plump and high quality. After such seeds are sown, they can reduce the threat of diseases and pests and also improve the uniformity of sowing. Put the seeds into salt water; unqualified seeds will float on the surface of the water, so they can be picked out, while relatively good and heavier seeds will sink to the bottom. Such seeds are very suitable for sowing.
In addition, in terms of varieties, the pea varieties currently cultivated more often include three types: pea varieties for grain, pea varieties for pods, and pea varieties for shoots. Everyone should choose suitable varieties according to the different geographical conditions and planting conditions of different regions. For example, in the Shanghai area, pea varieties for grain are generally sown more, mainly the Xiaoqingjia variety, with a seeding rate of 5-7.5 kg per mu.
Pea seedling-raising methods
1. Seed treatment
First, put the selected seeds under the sun to dry for 3-5 days. The purpose of sun-drying the seeds is to sterilize and kill insects and increase the germination rate of the seeds. After sun-drying is completed, soak the seeds in cold water for two hours. Wait until their seed coats have swollen, then take them out, wrap them well with a towel or gauze, and place them in a place where the general temperature reaches about 20 degrees for germination. After this series of treatment operations, subsequent sowing and seedling raising work can be carried out.
2. Sowing and seedling raising
The sowing time is generally March-April each year. In the north, it is planted in early spring and autumn. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and areas to the south, it can be sown in all four seasons, but autumn and winter are best, mostly sown from late September to early November. Usually direct sowing is used. After watering thoroughly, sow 2-3 seeds per hole, cover with about 3 cm of soil, and then sprinkle a thin layer of plant ash on the soil surface. The suitable temperature for growth during the seedling stage is 14-22 degrees C, and it can endure a low temperature of -4 to 5 degrees C.
If the leaves do not wilt in the morning and evening, then watering is not needed. About 10 days after germination, apply 1 application of thin decomposed organic fertilizer. Two weeks after germination, when 1-2 pairs of true leaves have grown, transplant and set the seedlings, with 3-5 plants per pot, and sufficient decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied in the soil as a base fertilizer.
3. Management after seedling raising
During the growth period of the seedlings, the soil is required to remain moist but not waterlogged. Fertilization should mainly be base fertilizer, and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied, while nitrogen fertilizer can basically be omitted. When the plant height is 30-40 cm, insert several bamboo poles into the potting soil to guide the pea seedlings to climb, and be careful to make the stems and leaves distribute evenly.
Overall, peas are delicious and nutritious, easy to grow and manage, and are very favored by growers. The growth characteristics of peas are quite distinctive, but if you follow the standard procedures, there will basically be no mistakes. The key is to do a good job in the early stages of seed selection and seedling raising.
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