Introduction to Sword Bean Varieties and Detailed Seedling Cultivation Methods

Sword bean is a common vegetable we see, it likes warmth and tolerates heat, and likes strong light; insufficient light affects flowering and pod setting. It has strong adaptability to soil. Sword bean has strong stress resistance and wide adaptability, and at present it is planted in most areas of our country. So what varieties of sword bean are there? What are the seedling cultivation methods? Now let's take a look together with the editor.

1. Sword bean varieties

1. Climbing sword bean

Strong growth vigor, thick vines, 2-4 m long, long growth period, late maturing. Mature pods about 30 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, each pod weighing about 150 g. Seeds are large, with a thousand-grain weight of about 1320 g. At present, most cultivated types are climbing sword beans.

2. Bush sword bean

Stems erect, plant height about 1 m. Leaves, pods and seeds are all relatively small, mature pods 10-20 cm long. It matures earlier, but the yield is relatively low, and it is less cultivated.

2. What are the seedling cultivation methods for sword bean?

1. Land preparation and bed making

Choose a field with deep soil and good drainage and aeration, plow deeply for freezing and clodding, and after spring begins harrow the land and make beds, with a bed width of 130-150 cm. Combined with land preparation, apply 2500 kg of fully decomposed farmyard manure per mu as base fertilizer.

2. Sowing and seedling cultivation

Sword bean seeds generally do not germinate easily, so it is advisable to raise seedlings and transplant. Select large, plump, uniformly sized, uniformly colored seeds without mechanical damage or insect damage as seeds, first sun-dry the seeds for 1 day, soak them in warm water for 24 hours, and sow after they absorb water and swell. If dry seeds are directly sown, the hilum should face downward when sowing, to facilitate water absorption and promote development. Do not sow too deep; generally a sowing depth of about 5 cm is suitable. If the soil is clayey and too wet with poor aeration, the seeds are prone to rot, so it is best to first place them under 25~30 degrees to germinate, and then transplant to the field when 2 cauline leaves have grown.

Seedling cultivation is generally carried out from late March to mid-April. For the seedbed, a hotbed or cold bed may be used. Before sowing, water thoroughly to provide sufficient bottom moisture, with row spacing and plant spacing of 13 cm each, sow 1 seed per hole, cover with 3 cm of soil, first cover with fine soil, then cover with a layer of rice husk or plant ash. After sowing, do not water too much; maintain suitable temperature and suitable moisture to avoid seed rot.

3. Field management

(1) Fertilizer and water management

Before emergence, keep the soil moist, but do not let the water be excessive, to prevent seed rot. Before flowering, it is advisable to control moisture and not water too much. After flowering and pod setting, the irrigation amount should be increased; especially when young pods reach 3-4 cm, sufficient water supply is needed. Apply topdressing in stages after emergence; apply the first fertilizer when the plant has 4 true leaves, apply the second fertilizer combined with watering after pod setting, and apply fertilizer another 1-2 times in the middle and late pod-setting stages. Fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be applied, with an appropriate increase in nitrogen fertilizer.

(2) Intertillage and earthing up

Before flowering, generally carry out intertillage 2-3 times to raise soil temperature and preserve moisture. Remove field weeds along with intertillage, and earth up appropriately.

(3) Plant adjustment

When the main vine is 50 cm long, guide the vines onto the trellis. During the flowering and pod-setting period, appropriately remove side vines or pinch off the growing tips and thin leaves, which helps increase the pod-setting rate.

The above is the introduction to sword bean. Because its shape resembles a knife, it is also called sword bean. It usually flowers from July to September and bears fruit in October. Farmers planting sword bean must master the above seedling cultivation points well.

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