A Detailed Guide to Quinoa Seed Selection Techniques and Seedling Raising Methods

Many friends actually do not know what kind of plant quinoa rice is. Quinoa originated in the mid-to-high altitude mountainous regions of the Andes in South America, including Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, and is rich in vitamins, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, and phytosterols, with various health benefits.

1. How to select quinoa seeds?

1. Longli No. 1

(Conventional) quinoa variety. The top leaf buds are purple at the panicle initiation stage, the stems are red at maturity, the plant is broom-shaped, with a plant height of 181.2-223.6 cm, a panicle-type inflorescence, seeds set on both the main tip and lateral branches, and self-pollination.

2. Longli No. 2

(Conventional) quinoa variety. The top leaf buds are green at the panicle emergence stage, the plant is broom-shaped, with a plant height of 198.0-243.5 cm, a panicle-type inflorescence, seeds set on both the main tip and lateral branches, and self-pollination; the seeds are round and tablet-shaped, with a diameter of 1.6-2.4 mm, a 1000-grain weight of 2.94-3.32 g, a crude protein content of 16.51%, a fat content of 5.2%, a crude ash content of 3.42%, a lysine content of 7.0%, and a total phosphorus content of 0.56%.

3. Longli No. 3

(Conventional) quinoa variety. The plant is broom-shaped, the stems and panicles are golden yellow at maturity, with a plant height of 110.4-162.7 cm, a panicle-type inflorescence, seeds set on both the main tip and lateral branches, and self-pollination; the seeds are brownish yellow, round and tablet-shaped, with a diameter of 1.4-2.1 mm, a 1000-grain weight of 2.26-2.72 g, a crude protein content of 16.69%, a crude fat content of 6.02%, a crude ash content of 0.33%, a lysine content of 0.64%, and a total phosphorus content of 0.66%; the growth period is 96-116 days.

2. Quinoa seedling raising methods

1. Land selection and soil preparation

Quinoa has relatively strong adaptability to soil, but to grow high-yielding quinoa, the planting site still needs to be selected as a plot that faces the sun and is sheltered from the wind, with strong permeability, fertile soil, and good drainage and irrigation. Quinoa must never be grown continuously on the same land, otherwise various diseases and pests will occur and weeds will grow rampant. Quinoa grains are relatively small, and the seeds have poor soil-emergence ability, so soil preparation must be done well. During soil preparation, check whether there are residues of the previous crop in the soil and clean them up in time. After soil preparation, apply sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer can be fully decomposed farmyard manure or "Woye microbial inoculant" to improve soil fertility and promote quinoa seed germination and seedling emergence.

2. Timely sowing

When sowing, choose the correct time; it must not be too early or too late. In southern regions, sowing should be chosen in late spring. If sown too early, the temperature is relatively low, which easily inhibits seed germination, and the seedlings may suffer from late spring cold damage. Sowing too late will delay the harvest time of quinoa, and the seedlings may fail to grow due to excessively high summer temperatures. When sowing, pay attention to soil moisture and control the sowing depth according to the moisture conditions; too deep or too shallow will both have a certain impact on quinoa growth. The sowing depth must not exceed 3 quinoa; if it exceeds 3 cm, the seeds cannot emerge through the soil, but if sown too shallow, the lodging phenomenon of quinoa will be worsened.

3. Checking seedlings and thinning

After sowing and successful seedling emergence, do a good job of checking seedlings. To ensure quinoa yield, replant missing seedlings in time. When the seedlings grow to about 15 cm, thin them appropriately to ensure that each quinoa plant has sufficient growth space. The number of retained seedlings can be increased to ensure a full stand. During the quinoa seedling stage, prevent weeds from growing rampant; appropriate weeding is beneficial to seedling growth and ensures sufficient nutrients. Later, according to the growth of quinoa, cultivate and earth up in time. When quinoa reaches the height of a leg, carry out weeding again to prevent weeds from taking away the nutrients needed for quinoa growth.

4. Timely harvest

Harvest time also has certain requirements. We should determine it according to the condition of the quinoa plants and grains. When quinoa matures, the panicles turn completely yellow, and the leaves wither, yellow, and fall. The grains are plump and hard, and then they can be harvested. Harvest time should not be too late or too early. If harvested too early, the grains are not fully mature and are prone to mildew, resulting in reduced yield. If harvested too late, lodging is likely to occur, and a large number of grains fall into the field, causing serious damage to both yield and quality. During harvest, avoid rainy weather; grains are not easy to store when exposed to water and are prone to diseases and pests.

In summary, this is the introduction to quinoa. If you also want to plant quinoa, be sure to consider whether your local area can grow it, because the planting conditions for quinoa are still relatively strict.

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