What varieties of rice seeds are there? How is rice grown from seedlings?

Everyone knows rice; it is one of our staple foods. Rice is grown in both the north and south of our country, but depending on the environment and climate, the choice of rice variety also differs. Let's learn about rice varieties and seedling-raising methods together.

1. What excellent rice varieties are there?

1. Songjing 22

In its adapted region, Songjing 22 takes about 144 days from emergence to maturity. This variety has 14 leaves on the main stem, is long-grain type, about 110 cm in plant height, about 20.3 cm in panicle length, about 104 grains per panicle, and about 27 g in 1000-grain weight. The brown rice recovery rate is 80.4%-82.5%, the head rice rate is 63.0%-69.5%, the rice quality is excellent, and the eating quality is high, reaching the national second-grade high-quality rice standard.

2. Daohuaxiang No. 2

Daohuaxiang No. 2 evolved from the earliest Wuyoudao variety and is abundantly produced in Heilongjiang Province in northeast China. The characteristic of this rice is that it requires a long accumulated temperature for growth; its maturity period is above 128-148 days, and the plant height is about 105 cm. Its biggest drawback is poor lodging resistance. In terms of variety type, it is further divided into internal-fragrance type and external-fragrance type. The milled rice rate is about 60%, and the rice produced is soft, glutinous and delicious, with an inviting aroma, and its quality is famous nationwide.

3. Nanjing 46

Nanjing 46 generally yields more than 600 kg per mu, and can reach 700 kg under high-yield cultivation. This variety is about 110 cm in plant height, compact in plant type, medium to strong in tillering ability, relatively large in panicle type, about 15 cm in panicle length, 140-150 total grains per panicle, over 90% seed-setting rate, and 25-26 g in 1000-grain weight. The whole growth period is about 165 days, and its outstanding advantage is excellent rice quality. The head rice rate is 66.8%, and the chalky grain rate is 20.0%, reaching the national standard second-grade high-quality paddy standard. The cooked rice of this variety is crystal clear, soft and smooth in texture, elastic, not hard when cold, and has extremely good eating quality.

4. Yuenong Simiao

Yuenong Simiao is a temperature-sensitive, medium-late-maturing conventional rice variety suitable for both early and late cropping. The whole growth period is 128 days for the early crop and 111 days for the late crop. This variety has a compact plant type, moderate plant height, medium tillering ability, green leaf color, and semi-erect leaf posture. The culm height is 97.0-97.9 cm, the panicle length is 21.3-21.4 cm, the effective panicles per mu are 194,000-197,000, the total grains per panicle are 122-124, the seed-setting rate is 87.1%-88.0%, and the 1000-grain weight is 22.0-22.6 g. It has high yield, with an average yield of about 430 kg per mu in regional trials. It has strong lodging resistance, medium cold tolerance, good late-stage ripening color, and excellent rice quality, rated as national standard and provincial standard high-quality grade 2.

2. Rice seedling-raising methods

1. Seed treatment

Before raising rice seedlings, seed treatment is needed, as this can increase the germination rate of the seeds and thereby increase the emergence rate of rice seeds. First, the seeds need to be sun-dried; then they are soaked in Baike or prochloraz and cartap hydrochloride mixed with water for five or six minutes; then they are soaked with imidacloprid wettable powder for two days; finally, germination is promoted, and when about 80% of the rice seeds have sprouted white, they can be sown. This not only improves the emergence rate of rice but also enhances its resistance to pests and diseases.

2. Water management

Water management during rice seedling raising is also very important. Generally, the seedling-raising land does not need much water; usually it is enough to soak the bed surface through. Next, when the water in the field decreases, watering should be done appropriately, and the humidity should be kept at its original level. The water in the rice seedling field should not be too much, otherwise it will affect rice emergence and also trigger pests and diseases, causing seedling death. If raising seedlings on dry land, we should water promptly when removing the film, soaking the soil through to prevent seedling death. At the same time, during this emergence period, reasonable humidity should also be maintained in the seedling field.

3. Fertilization management

Fertilization management for rice seedling raising is also divided into two methods: dry field and paddy field. Generally speaking, dryland seedling raising does not require very much nutrients; usually when the base fertilizer is sufficient, no later fertilization is needed, so as to avoid excessive fertility causing seedling burn. But if the base fertilizer has not been handled well and the seedlings show yellowing leaves, then timely fertilization is needed. For paddy-field seedling raising, the fertilizer requirement is relatively large. When fertilizing, we usually follow the principle of frequent application of thin fertilizer to prevent seedling burn and promote seedling growth.

4. Pest and disease control

To avoid the impact of pests and diseases on the growth of rice seedlings, it is generally best before sowing to broadcast 48% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate and 35% phoxim microcapsule granules, with amounts of 150 ml and 1 kg per mu respectively. After sowing, in order to prevent underground pests from harming rice seeds, we also need to spread an appropriate amount of bait mixed with 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate around the seedling field. After the rice seedlings emerge, we mainly need to prevent damping-off disease, bacterial wilt, and leaf-eating pests from harming the seedlings. We can use bensulfuron-methyl and quinclorac, bensulfuron-methyl and quinclorac, and imidacloprid wettable powder plus Junke Duke for control respectively.

In summary, that is the introduction to rice varieties. If you have better rice seedling-raising experience you are willing to share, you can leave a message to tell the editor.

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