How do you select walnut tree seeds? What seedling-raising methods are there?

Walnut belongs to the nut category of fruit trees. After the walnut fruit matures, it consists of three parts: the green husk, the shell, and the edible kernel. Nowadays people pay more and more attention to health cultivation, and the demand for walnuts in the market is growing. When farmers plant walnuts, quite a few use seeds. So how do you select walnut tree seeds? What seedling-raising methods are there? Let's take a look together below.

1. How do you select walnut tree seeds?

Generally, local walnuts are chosen as seeds, requiring plump fruit, uniform size, and fruit free of mildew and breakage. The seeds must be fully mature; walnuts harvested early cannot be used, otherwise a high germination rate for walnut seedling raising cannot be ensured.

2. What seedling-raising methods are there for walnut trees?

1. Seedbed preparation

The seedling-raising plot generally should be deep-plowed by about 30 cm after the wheat harvest. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, rake the land level, and at sowing time scatter phoxim granules to control underground pests; chlorpyrifos can also be sprayed. For spring sowing, the land should also be raked level in autumn.

2. Treating the seeds

When walnuts are sown from seed to raise seedlings, this can be divided into autumn sowing and spring sowing. Generally, spring sowing can be done directly, and spring sowing has the advantage of fitting the farming season, but it is easily constrained by climatic conditions and soil moisture, so the seeds need germination-promoting treatment before sowing. The main methods of promoting germination include trench storage in sand, soaking seeds in limewater, soaking seeds in cold water, soaking seeds in warm water, and soaking seeds in boiling water. If limewater soaking is chosen, generally the seeds are soaked in 5% limewater for one week, then placed under the hot sun for 2 hours, and the walnuts whose suture line has opened are selected for sowing; walnuts that have not opened continue to be soaked until they open, and only then can they be sown.

3. Sowing time

Sowing can be divided into autumn, late autumn, and spring sowing. Autumn sowing can be done with the green husk still on after the walnuts naturally mature; they can germinate that same year, and by the time leaves fall in winter the seedlings can reach about 20 cm in height. If management is adequate, they can be grafted the following year and grown into finished seedlings that same year. After germination in spring, keep 1 vigorous sprout and remove the rest, but in cold winter regions good cold protection measures must be taken, such as mounding soil at the base or covering. Late autumn sowing can also be chosen.

Late autumn sowing is done before the soil freezes; the sun-dried walnut seeds need no treatment at all and are sown directly. Spring sowing is from the end of March to early April, and the seeds need to be treated before sowing. After sowing, seedlings emerge in 20-30 days. Seed treatment can use soaking in water for 5 to 7 days, changing the water once a day, so that they absorb water and swell, then placing them under the sun to dry; when most walnuts have cracked, they can be sown.

4. Seedling management

Before emergence in spring sowing, do not water, to avoid causing soil compaction, but when spring is too dry, water according to the drought condition, and after watering pay attention to shallow hoeing to prevent compaction. Remove weeds promptly. When the seedlings are about 20 cm tall, according to rainfall or after watering, open small trenches between the rows and apply 20 jin of urea per mu. After August, no more urea should be applied; instead, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus thiophanate-methyl. If there is no walnut orchard nearby, there is generally no pest damage in the first year. In mid-March of the second year, cut back level before germination, to a height of about 5 cm. After germination, keep one vigorous sprout and remove the rest.

The above is the introduction to walnut trees. When sowing walnuts, you can open trenches and sow, at a depth of about 8 cm. Place the walnut crack perpendicular to the ground, with the seed tip facing one side, so that seedlings emerge evenly and grow vigorously. Late autumn sowing can be deeper, and spring sowing shallower.

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