How to select seeds for Platycodon grandiflorus? What are the seedling raising methods?

The anime "Inuyasha" is probably very familiar to many people. The story and characters in it come from Platycodon grandiflorus, because Platycodon grandiflorus is a loyal flower, symbolizing unchanging love through all lifetimes. Of course, Platycodon grandiflorus not only has a beautiful legend; it is also currently the most popular medicinal and edible herbaceous plant. After trial domestic cultivation succeeded in the 1970s, it was widely planted in Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Hebei, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang and the Northeast, Inner Mongolia and other regions. So in the process of growing Platycodon grandiflorus, how should seeds be selected and seedlings raised? Today let us learn about it together!

How to select seeds of Platycodon grandiflorus?

When planting Platycodon grandiflorus, generally seeds produced by biennial Platycodon grandiflorus are used. This kind of seed is large and plump, dark in color, has a relatively high emergence rate after sowing, the plants grow quickly, and the yield is also high. In addition, in terms of varieties, Platycodon grandiflorus can be divided into wild and domestically cultivated types, with domestically cultivated ones occupying the dominant position. Platycodon grandiflorus is also divided into southern Platycodon grandiflorus and northern Platycodon grandiflorus, but the quality of southern Platycodon grandiflorus is better than that of northern Platycodon grandiflorus, and among them the quality of southern Platycodon grandiflorus from Anhui is the best.

What are the seedling raising methods?

1. Land selection and land preparation

Choose sunny, wind-sheltered, fertile, deep and loose soil layers, well-drained loam rich in humus for planting. For land preparation timing, both spring plowing and autumn plowing are acceptable, with autumn plowing being better. After the previous crop is harvested, plow deeply about 30 cm, and together with plowing apply 4000 kg of decomposed soil-mixed fertilizer and 30 kg of superphosphate per mu, then rake fine and level.

2. Cultivation methods

Direct seeding for seedling cultivation and transplanting are used. The main root of directly sown Platycodon grandiflorus is straight and sturdy, with few branches, making processing easy. Although seedling raising and transplanting facilitate concentrated management during the seedling stage and save labor and land, the main root is not obvious and has many branches, making peeling and processing difficult.

3. Seedling raising and transplanting

Seedling raising and transplanting can advance harvest by more than half a year, and the yield per unit area can increase by about 2 times. After plowing fine and leveling the land, open furrows and make beds. Generally the bed width is 12 m and the height is about 20 cm. Both autumn planting and spring planting are acceptable. Autumn planting is from when the aboveground part withers to before freezing. Spring planting is from thawing to before Qingming. When transplanting, prepare the land according to the seedling raising method, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and plant the seedlings obliquely in the furrows and cultivate them carefully.

4. Thinning and weeding

When the seedlings are 3-6 cm tall, thin them 1-2 times, removing overly dense seedlings. When the seedlings reach 6 cm tall, carry out final thinning, with a seedling spacing of 6-10 cm. When final thinning, remove small seedlings, weak seedlings and diseased seedlings, and combine thinning with loosening the soil and weeding.

5. Seed reservation

Platycodon grandiflorus has a long flowering period. It first bolts and flowers from the upper part, and the fruit also matures first from the upper part. In the north, seeds that set fruit in the later period often cannot mature due to climate effects. In early September, small side branches and some terminal inflorescences can be cut off to promote fruit maturity and plump seeds. In September to October, when the fruit turns from green to yellow, cut it off with the fruit stalk, place it in a ventilated and dry room for post-ripening for 2 to 3 days, then sun-dry and thresh.

As a rare plant with both medicinal and edible uses, Platycodon grandiflorus is mostly purchased fresh, then processed into strips and soaked for sale. The standards for high-quality commercial Platycodon grandiflorus are relatively high. In the actual planting and management process, seedling management should be strengthened to improve the planting quality and yield of Platycodon grandiflorus and promote increased production and income.

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