Which Longan Cultivar Is Best for Seedlings? A Detailed Guide to Propagation Methods

Longan is a fruit that many people love to eat. In some places, longan is also called guiyuan. Many people think that the longan they usually eat comes in only one cultivar, but in fact there are quite a lot of longan cultivars. Below, we introduce several longan seedlings with good reputations, as well as propagation methods.

1. Which longan seedling cultivar is the best?

1. Linglong longan

The fruit cluster is large, the fruits are densely set, compact, and grape-bunch shaped. It is high-yielding and stable-yielding, with strong stress resistance. The fruit is medium-large, with an average single-fruit weight of 13.5 g. The flesh is crisp and dry, fresh and sweet with a honey flavor, and the edible rate is 69%.

2. Shixia longan

Also known as Shiyie, Cuirou, Shiyuan, etc., it is a cultivar of longan. It is divided into three strains: Huangke Shixia, Qingke Shixia and Gongfenke Shixia. This cultivar is the main planted cultivar in Guangdong and Guangxi. It originated in Pingzhou, Nanhai, Guangdong, and is one of the fine cultivars with a long cultivation history and the best fresh-eating quality. In the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong, this cultivar matures in early to mid-August and is an early-maturing cultivar.

3. Dawuyuan

The tree is vigorous and strong, with a tall tree shape, obvious cracking, thick branches and relatively sparse bearing. The fruit skin is yellowish brown, the flesh is waxy white, semi-transparent, easy to separate from the seed, thick, relatively crisp, slightly lighter in sweetness, and medium in quality. The edible rate is 74.3%, the soluble solids of the juice are 18.5%, containing total sugar 13.5% and acid 0.075%.

2. Longan seedling propagation methods

1. Planting time

Longan saplings can be planted from March to April each year. Seedlings 5 to 6 years old after field planting are used as rootstock, and grafting is carried out by the inlay grafting method. For the scion, select strong 2-year-old branches, 1 cm thick; those 4-12 cm long can also use the approach grafting method, with March to April being the best time. The tongue grafting method and bud patch grafting method can also be used for grafting propagation.

2. Scion selection

For longan trees undergoing low-position grafting, the tree age can be long or short, but from the perspective of ease of operation, middle-aged and young trees under 10 years old are the best choice.

3. Rootstock selection

For middle-aged and young longan trees under 10 years old, primary or secondary slanted main branches can be selected as grafting rootstock. The branch diameter can be about 3-10 cm. Usually, 2-3 rootstock branches can be selected for 3-5 year old trees, 3-5 for 6-9 year old trees, and 3-10 for mature trees.

4. Grafting method

① Grafting cut: Use a grafting knife to cut a 1.5-2 cm incision parallel to the rootstock on the upper and lower sides of the rootstock saw cut, reaching deep into the xylem. Twist the knife edge slightly toward the xylem, then quickly release the grafting knife; this is the grafting interface.

② Prepare the scion: The scion length is preferably 5-6 cm. The upper end needs 1-2 plump axillary buds. Cut the lower end at about a 45 degree angle to the scion, and cut a long cut surface on the front and back of the lower cut end similar in length to the rootstock incision, reaching deep into the xylem. Both the cut end and the cut surface must be smooth.

③ Insert into the interface: Face the lower cut end of the scion toward the rootstock, align it with the interface, and gently insert it along the interface. Its long cut surface should fit tightly against the bark, while pressing firmly with the hand.

④ Tie the interface tightly: Use special grafting plastic film to first tie the interface tightly, then wrap the rootstock and scion. The axillary bud part of the scion needs to be wrapped with a single layer of film.

⑤ Apply pesticide to prevent insects: Sprinkle insecticidal powder on the interface and the rootstock saw cut to prevent insects and ants from biting through the film.

In summary, the above is the introduction to longan seedling cultivars and propagation methods, for reference and learning only by interested farmer friends. Friends who want to buy longan seedlings can click the link below.

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